1. Summary of Previous Lecture

2. 6- Impersonal Official Obligations -Freedom of work -Authority subject to impersonlization -Office work and personal work should be separated. -Political transfers and recruitments should be completely eradicated.

3. 7 - Bridging the gaps between rulers and ruled -Pakistani bureaucrat is considered as an individual having all the powers and authorities of taking decision. -This makes high civil servants superior -They want public to bow and obey to them -This make them arrogant, corrupt -Misuse power

4. Organization of Federal, provincial and local government in Pakistan The organization of federal and provincial government in Pakistan is governed by constitutions of 1973

7. Senate  104 members  Elected for 6 years  17 seats reserved for women  Elected indirectly through the system of proportion representation

8. Composition of senate Area / ProvinceGeneral SeatsSeats Reserved For WomenTechnocratsNon-MuslimsTotal Federal Capital211 4 Punjab1444123 Sindh1444123 KPK1444123 FATAs800 8 Balochistan1444123 Total6617 104

9. National Assembly  342 members  272 General Seats  60 for women  10 for NON-MUSLIMS  General Seats are filled by direct and free vote  The party with more seats in national assembly wins more seats for women as these are not directly elected.

11. Provincial Assemblies ProvinceGeneralReserved for women Non-MuslimsTotal Punjab 297668371 Sindh 130308168 Baluchistan 5111365 KPK 99223124

12. 2. Judicial Branch  Legal Arm of the Government  Constitution provides for the separation of the judiciary from the executive and the independence of judiciary  Entrust the superior courts with an “obligation to preserve, protect and defend” the constitution.

13. Judiciary… It Consists of; Supreme courts- 17 members High courts- in four provinces Federal Shariat Court Subordinate Judiciary

16. Trends in ministries and Divisions On world wide basis average of central government ministries is 16 The variation is 10 in the small pacific counties. The 20 ministries are in the middle east and North Africa In Africa the number of ministries ranges from 10 in Botswana to 28 in Nigeria In Asia it is 7-35

17. Trends in ministries and Divisions The number of central ministries ranges from 11 to 27 in Latin America In the pacific region it varies from 6 to 16 Pakistan in 2002 had 41 ministries and 48 divisions In the previous government the number increased the half century However in February 2013 the number of ministries reduced to 23 by the PM.