1. Agenda – Wednesday, April 1 st  M&E Reading Quiz  Finish Pink article  Begin facial expressions and emotion theories notes  Homework:  Exam #4  MOVED TO TUESDAY  Thought Hive  Due by midnight on Friday, April 3 rd

2. Agenda – Thursday, April 2nd  Facial expressions  Emotional theories notes

3. Can we detect a liar?  3 Volunteers will try to lie to the class.  They can either take or not take a dollar from an envelope & must successfully lie to us to keep the dollar & gain candy(Extrinsic Motivators!)  They will enter the class one at a time & must answer any (reasonable) question that we ask of them to help us discern if they are lying or not.  The class will have 3 minutes to determine if they are lying or not

4. Facial Expression of Emotion  Paul Ekman had people from different cultures identify various facial expressions & found they all responded similarly.  Ekman had the Fore Tribe in New Guinea match up photographs of facial expressions to events in stories. Same results as first study.  Most Facial Expressions are universal indicators of emotion.

6. Facial Expressions  Without using your notes, attempt to guess which facial expression is portrayed in each of the four images

12. Facial Expressions  If someone smiles because everyone around them smiles, and then they feel happy…what theory is this?

13. Facial Expressions  If someone scowls and tells themselves the situation they are in is stupid and beneath them, what theory is this?

14. Facial Expressions  If someone smiles and feels overwhelmingly happy at the same time, what theory is this?

15. Agenda – Monday, April 6 th  Finish theories of emotion  Practice terms and examples for test  Homework:  Test #4 (Cognition + M/E) TUESDAY  Disorders reading quiz THURSDAY  AP Countdown: 20 school days until test!

16. Emotions & the Body The Brain Limbic System (Amygdala) Recognizes facial expressions and the appropriate emotion associated with that expression. Right Hemisphere Responsible for the Identification of Emotions The Autonomic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System (Slows Down body) Sympathetic Nervous System (Speeds up body) *Emotions alter the functioning of the ANS. *Polygraph Tests only measure changes in the ANS (Not valid!)

17. 17 Stimulus: snake Emotion: fear Physiological arousal: trembling increased heart rate James-Lange Theory of Emotion  A stimulus prompts physiological arousal and THEN we experience Emotion Ex. We feel sad because we cry. Ex. We feel happy because we smile.  Problems: 1) Some Emotions have same physiological response. (Ex. Fear, Anger, & Sexual Arousal all Similar) 2) People can experience arousal w/o experiencing emotion. (Runners do not always fear what they are running away from) 3) Physiological responses happen to slow to cause emotion. 4) What about people with spinal cord injuries?

18. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion Stimulus: snake Physiological arousal: trembling increased heart rate Emotion: fear  The experience of emotion happens at the SAME TIME that physiological arousal happens.  One does NOT CAUSE the other.  Problems:  Despite feeling fear and physiological arousal at the same time, we may not know what we are afraid of

19. Two-Factor (Schachter-Singer) Theory of Emotion Stimulus: Snake Cognitive interpretation: “A snake is on the loose!” Physiological arousal: trembling increased heart rate Emotion fear  Emotions are the combination of physical arousal & a cognitive label. Emotion comes AFTER the combo of two other events  When you are aroused, you look to your environment for an explanation of the arousal. (If aroused while in an angry mob of protestors, you might label your arousal “Anger”) (If aroused at a concert, you might label your arousal “Excitement)

20. Facial Expressions  You are walking down a dark alley late at night. You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens. Due to these physiological changes, your body prepares for a fearful situation. You then experience fear.  Answer: James-Lange (you label the emotion AFTER the physiological changes occur)

21. Facial Expressions  You are walking down a dark alley late at night. You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens. At the same time as these physiological changes occur, you also experience the emotion of fear.  Answer: Cannon-Bard (The emotion and physiological changes happen at the same time)

22. Facial Expressions  You are walking down a dark alley late at night. You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens. Upon noticing this arousal you realize that it comes from the fact that you are walking down a dark alley by yourself. This behavior is dangerous and therefore you feel the emotion of fear.  Answer: Two Factor (Your cognitive awareness of the setting and the physiological changes result in an emotional awareness)