1. The Human Nervous System

2. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

3. The Nervous System
Nervous system is a delicate and complex communication system made up of billions of connected nerve cells (neurons), transmitting information around our body
Consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves throughout our bodies
There are 2 main subdivisions of the Nervous System- The Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
CNS= Brain and Spinal Cord
PNS= all other nerves in our bodies

4. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD

5. CNS- The Brain
Known as the “Master Organ” because it overseas everything we think, feel and do.
Located in the skull and has a wrinkled appearance
Can be subdivided into 3 regions: hindbrain (back), midbrain (middle) and forebrain (front)

6. CNS- Spinal Cord The body’s information highway!
Complex cable of nerve fibres stretching from the base of the brain to the lower back
Connects the brain to other parts of the body through its connection with the PNS
Receives sensory information from the PNS and transmits it to the brain
Transmits messages (responses) from the brain to the rest of the body (via PNS)

7. Neurons (Nerves)
Neurons are nerve cells and the basic units involved in all behaviours
They receive and send electrical signals between the CNS and our bodies and also signal between themselves.
Sensory (afferent) neurons- carry information from the senses to Interneurons in the CNS for interpretation
Interneurons- found only within the CNS and provide the link between sensory and motor neurons
Motor (efferent) neurons- transmit movement messages from Interneurons in the CNS outwards to the muscles and body for action.

8. Activity:
Copy in your books a diagram of a Neuron and complete the mix n Match worksheet labelling the parts of a neuron.
Now build your very own Neuron out of Pipe- Cleaners!

9. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Peripheral meaning “border”
All of the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Carries messages to and from various muscles, glands and senses throughout the body
Further divided into 2 subsections: the Somatic and Autonomic nervous system

10. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

11. PNS- Somatic Nervous System
A branch of the PNS that controls our voluntary movement
Also called the Skeletal Nervous System because it connects the skeletal muscles with the CNS allowing voluntary movement
Carries Sensory Information TO the CNS
Carries Motor Information FROM the CNS
Messages can only travel in one direction, so the PNS has two different pathways for carrying messages to and from the CNS

12. PNS- Autonomic Nervous System
Carries messages between the CNS and the heart, lungs and other internal organs and glands
The ANS regulates and controls the functioning of internal organs “automatically”
EG- heart rate, breathing, digestion, salivation ect
ANS functions independently of the CNS
Has 2 subdivisions: Sympathetic Nervous System and Parasympathetic Nervous System

13. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

14. Autonomic Nervous System: Sympathetic Nervous System
Arouses the body when you are experiencing an extreme emotion or feel threatened
Activates the “fight or flight” response
Eg- Bungy Jumping, hearing footsteps in a dark alley
Fight: Stay and “fight” the threatening situation
Flight: Take “flight” and run away from the situation

15. Autonomic Nervous System: Parasympathetic Nervous System
Usually the dominant system maintaining a sense of homeostasis (balance) in normal functioning.
Calms or restores the body to the normal state of functioning opposite to that of the Sympathetic NS
Slow in returning the body back to normal because it takes longer to remove the hormones initially released by the Sympathetic NS for quick action.

16. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM