1. DMI long-term instrumental data series from Greenland FreshNor Workshop SHMI 18-19 October 2007 John Cappelen

2. If we want to know, if we change the climate, then we must know, to which extend it changes by itself. That it one of the reasons for the great value of the old climate data.

3. From 1856 there are reliable global observations.

4. What about Greenland? The foundation of The Danish Meteorological Institute in 1872 marked the beginning of the official instrumental meteorological series i Greenland. From 1873-1983 yearbooks have been produced with varying contents and size. From app. 1958 digitised observations exist in the climate databases at DMI. Observer Guldager by his instruments. Jacobshavn 1923

5. Before 1873? 1760’s marked the beginning of systematic observations in Greenland…. From 1784 a composite SW Greenland temperature series is processed….not least because of H.H. Lamb. Composed of series from Qaqortoq, Nuuk and Ilulissat. Source: Vinther, B. M., K. K. Andersen, P. D. Jones, K. R. Briffa and J. Cappelen (2006): Extending Greenland Temperature Records into the late 18th Century. J. Geophys. Res. 111, D11105, doi:10.1029/2005JD006810, 2006 Link: http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/ greenland/ http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/ greenland/

6. Back to the time after 1872… Continuously updated series of annually temperatures from 1873 from seven localitions. The series have been quality checked the best way possible including the processing of NACD - North Atlantic Climatological Dataset 1890-1990. Source: John Cappelen (2007): DMI Annual Climate Data Collection 1873-2006, Denmark, The Faroe Islands and Greenland - with graphics and danish summary. DMI Technical Report 07-05. Link: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-05.pdf http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-05_data.zip http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-05_grafik.zip

8. Long-term monthly series from 1873 Continuously updated…. Source: John Cappelen et al. (2007): DMI monthly Climate Data Collection 1768-2006, Denmark, The Faroe Islands and Greenland. DMI Technical Report No. 07-06. Link: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-06.pdf http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-06.zip Upernavik 04211 5) Ilulissat 04221 6) Nuuk 04250 Ivittuut/Narsarsuaq 04270 7) Danmarkshavn 04320 Illoqqortoormiut 04339 8) Tasiilaq 04360 Mean temperature Mean of daily maximum temperature Highest temperature Mean of daily minimum temperature Lowest temperature Mean atmospheric pressure Hours of bright sunshine (Star level) Accumulated precipitation Highest 24-hour precipitation No. of days with snow cover (> 50 % covered) Mean cloud cover

9. Long-term daily series from 1873 Continuously updated…. Source: John Cappelen et al. (2007): DMI Daily Climate Data Collection 1873-2006, Denmark, The Faroe Islands and Greenland - including Air Pressure Observations 1874-2006 (WASA Data Sets). DMI Technical Report No. 07-07. Link: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-07.pdf http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-07_data.zip + observations of atmospheric air pressure (msl) (WASA data sets) Tasiilaq Max. og min. temperatures Precipitation Tasiilaq and Ilulissat

10. The Climate of Greenland Monthly time series 1958-1999 and Climatological Standard Normals 1961-90 Source: John Cappelen et al.(2000): The Observed Climate of Greenland, 1958-99 - with Climatological Standard Normals, 1961-90. DMI Technical Report No. 00-18. Link: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr00-18.pdf http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr00-18-data_files.zip http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr00-18-wind_roses.zip A large number of stations Many parameters Descriptions of the Climate in text

11. A guide to DMI climate data exist… Source: John Cappelen, Claus Kern- Hansen and Kim Sarup: Guide to Climate Data and Information from the Danish Meteorological Institute – updated September 2007. DMI Technical Report No. 07-10. Link: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr07-10.pdf Besides data open to the public data and services are available for money. DMI provides free (besides delivery costs) and unrestricted access to meteorological data and products for educational and research purposes, if some conditions are met.

12. The End – Thank you for your attention Thermometer og raingauge arrangement July 1923 in Jacobshavn, Greenland