1. EOC Review (general)

2. Fill in the blank. Deoxyribonucleic acid is _______________. Agenetic material Bthe end result of mitosis Cproduced by RNA D.D. the structure that connects chromosomes

3. When does anaerobic respiration occur? Awhen there is oxygen present Bwhen glucose is formed Cwhen plants use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen Dwhen there is no oxygen present

4. Which of the following does NOT have a role in protein synthesis? Acentrioles BmRNA Cribosomes D.D. DNA

5. What is tRNA's function during the process of translation? 1. transfer the DNA code to the ribosome 2. bring an amino acid to the ribosome 3. attach to mRNA in the correct sequence at the ribosome Aanswers 1 and 2 Banswers 1 and 3 Canswers 2 and 3 Dall of the answers are correct

6. In which organelle are amino acids sequenced to produce specific proteins? Athe nucleus Bthe ribosome Cthe endoplasmic reticulum Dthe mitochondria

7. Which of the following occurs during translation? AMakes mRNA from DNA BThe nuclear membrane of the cell dissolves to allow DNA to enter the cytoplasm. CSpecific amino acid sequences are determined to create a protein. DThe two strands of DNA separate.

8. Which of the following describes the function of a vacuole? Ato produce energy for the cell Bto fight off harmful substances Cto break down food Dto store food, water, and wastes

9. Fill in the blank. The genetic code of mRNA consists of 3 nitrogen bases called _____________. Acodons Bcomplimentary base pairs Canticodons Dpromotor sequences

10. For protein synthesis to begin, which of the following must be created from DNA? Aribosomes Bamino acids CtRNA DmRNA

11. Which of the following sequences summarizes the correct order of protein synthesis? Atranscription, translation, protein Btranslation,transcription, protein Creplication, translation, protein Dprotein, transcription, translation

12. What organelle is labeled #2 and is responsible for carrying out photosynthesis? Avacuole Blysosome Cchloroplast Dnucleus

13. In this diagram of an eukaryotic cell, which number indicates the site of transcription? A1 B2 C3 D4

14. Which of these best describes the initial change caused by a DNA mutation? Aa change in the sequence of amino acids Ba change in the production of ribosomes Ca change in the number of nucleosomes within a cell Da change in the number of hydrogen bonds between the bases

15. Fill in the blank. The shape of DNA can be best described as ______. Aa double helix Ba strand Ca tetrahedral Da trigonal pair

16. What is one of the most important products of cellular respiration? AThe production of a large amount of citric acid. BThe production of oxygen. CThe production of water. DThe production of ATP.

17. Fill in the blank. The purpose of protein synthesis is to ___________. Ause the DNA code to produce ribosomes Blink the correct sequence of amino acids together to create a protein Ccreate a duplicate copy of the DNA, preparing for cell division Dlink the correct sequence of nucleotides together to create a protein

18. Which of the following is found in a lysosome? Apigments Bgenetic material Cenzymes Dchlorophyll

19. What organelle is labeled #3 and is responsible for providing the cell with energy? Amitochondrion Blysosome Ccytoplasm Dnucleus

20. In this diagram of an eukaryotic cell, which number indicates the site of translation? A1 B2 C3 D4

21. People who have been exposed to excessive radiation often experience mutations. If these mutations only occur in the DNA of somatic (body) cells, these people may Apass on these mutations to their offspring Bexperience an increased risk of cancer Cdevelop entirely new DNA sequences in all cells Dexperience difficulties replicating RNA

22. The equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration appear very similar. How are they different? APhotosynthesis involves water in the equation, while cellular respiration does not. BEnergy is part of the cellular respiration reaction, but not the photosynthesis reaction. COxygen is a product in the equation for respiration and a reactant in photosynthesis. DThe products and reactants are reversed for photosynthesis and respiration.

23. What type of bonding links together nitrogenous base pairs between complimentary strands of DNA? Acovalent Bionic Cmetallic Dhydrogen

24. Which of the following is true of the cell membrane? 1. It helps the cell maintain homeostasis. 2. Proteins are not allowed to move within the cell membrane. 3. It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids. A1 only B1 & 2 only C1, 2, and 3 D1 & 3 only

25. What do plants produce during photosynthesis that animals use for cellular respiration? 1. carbon dioxide 2. oxygen 3. glucose 4. water A1 only B2 only C2 and 3 D1 and 4

26. Fill in the blank. A difference in the concentration of a substance across a membrane is _______________. Aa concentration gradient Ba protein channel Can equilibrium Dan isotonic solution

27. Which of the following is in a plant cell but NOT an animal cell? Achloroplasts Ba nucleus Ccytoplasm Da cell membrane

28. Which statement is true about a hypertonic solution surrounding a cell? AThere is a lower concentration of water inside the cell. BThere is a lower concentration of water outside the cell. CWater movement in and out of the cell is equal. DThe water outside the cell moves into the cell.

29. What does rough endoplasmic reticulum contain that smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not? Alysosomes Bthylakoids Cribosomes DGolgi bodies

30. Which of the following types of transport does NOT require the cell's energy? 1. simple diffusion 2. facilitated diffusion 3. osmosis A1 only B1, 2, and 3 C1 and 3 D1 and 2

31. In which of the following situations would osmosis occur across a cell membrane? Awhen a cell is digesting food Bwhen a carrier protein is involved Cwhen a cell is in a hypertonic solution Dif there is no membrane present

32. Fill in the blank. _______________ is a process that requires the cell's energy to move materials through the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient. AActive transport BPassive transport CDiffusion DOsmosis

33. If a cell is placed into a hypertonic solution, what would be the result? A. B. C.D.

34. What is the main reason for cellular respiration? Ato break down carbon dioxide Bto produce glucose Cto breakdown glucose Dto produce oxygen