1. Federalism
Ms. Ramos

2. Inherent Reserved Powers that naturally belong any government.
Foreign Affairs & Intl Agreements
Powers reserved for the states
Ms. Ramos

3. Powers Explicit Implied
Pwrs specifically listed in the Const. (Art. 1, Sec. 8)
Pwrs suggested by expressed powers
Elastic Clause or Necessary and Proper Clause (Art. 1, Sec. 8)
Ms. Ramos

4. Examples of Implied Pwrs:
Hamilton's creation of the National Bank - no power to create banks is delegated the Federal Government, however it was deemed necessary and proper to form a bank to aid in Congress's power to coin money and regulate the economy. (see McCullough vs. Maryland 1819)
Regulation of Railroads, Shipping, Highways - Congress is delegated the power to regulate interstate trade and as such it is implied that Congress also has the power to regulate interstate transportation by which interstate trade is made possible. (see Gibbons vs. Ogden 1824)
Ms. Ramos

5. Concurrent Powers Denied
Powers shared by both Federal and State Government
Pwr not allowed to fed or state
Ms. Ramos

6. Regulate trade within states Local govts. Elections
NATIONAL CONCURRENT STATE
Regulate trade within states
Local govts.
Elections
Voter Qualifications
Establish and support schools
Incorporate
License
Ratify amendments
“Reserved Powers
Regulate commerce between states
Coin/borrow money
Foreign relations
Post office
Raise and support troops
Declare war
Admit new states
Naturalization
“Necessary and Proper” laws
Collect taxes
Borrow money
Courts
Make and enforce laws
Provide for health and welfare of the people

7. States have republican Govts Protecting the States
Responsibilities
Federal
States
States have republican Govts
Protecting the States
Respecting States’ Territories
Est. Boundaries for Districts
Rules for electing Congress and presidential electors
Maintain National Guard
Ms. Ramos

8. Courts & Federal System
Judges are nominated by the Pres. & approved by Senate
Judicial Branch decides cases of federal laws and treaties
Ms. Ramos

9. Federal funds to be used on a broadly defined area of use
States & Federal System
Block Grants
Categorical Grants
Federal funds to be used on a broadly defined area of use
Payments by the federal gov to carry out specific activities
Ms. Ramos

10.
Ms. Ramos