1. INDONESIA INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE Current Situation of Urban School Transport in Indonesia Prof. Leksmono Suryo Putranto IndII National Advisor for IURSP Workshp #2 IURSP Denpasar, 22 January 2015

2. 2  Students need to be transported from home to school vv daily on certain schedules  The underlying problem is actually lack of satisfactory public transport Lack of Satisfactory Public Transport

3. 3 WEALTHY:  Delivered and picked up by parents using cars  Delivered and picked up by paid school transport NOT WEALTHY:  Walk  Delivered and picked up by parents using motorcycles  Ride motorcycle (underage)  Ride bicycle  Use poor public transport  Use free school bus (limited services)

4. 4 Congested road network with parents cars passing, boarding/ alighting students Illegal parking on street and sidewalks Delivered & Picked Up by Parents Using Cars

5. 5 It can be organized by the school or rental agency. Payment is usually carried out monthly. Involve complicated schedules and routes as students picked up from/ delivered to individual home. A vehicle might serve different level of education and therefore different school start/ finish time. Although the service might not very satisfactory, but the parents considered the service as safer than general public transport. Delivered and picked up by paid school transport

6. 6  Transporting students from a particular school or group of schools located close to each other.  Operated in a fixed schedule and a fix route determined by the school management.  Using bus or passenger car.  Registered as private vehicle.  Travel time less than 90 minutes.  Well ventilated or air conditioned.  Under regular maintenance.  Clearly indicated as a school transportation Director General of Land Transportation Decree No. SK.967/AJ.202/DRJD/2007

7. 7 Walk  Unsafe walking environment (side walk not available or occoupied by street vendors/ motorcycles)  Unsafe road crossing (zebra cross/ pedestrian bridge not available)  Insufficient street lighting.  Inconvinient walking environment due to wheather

8. 8 Delivered & Picked Up by Parents Motorcycles  A motorcycle rider might carry more than one passenger.  More passengers meaning they less likely to wear helmets  To ensure punctual arrival time at school the rider maight conduct lane splitting, riding in opposite direction and riding in side walk

9. 9 Underage Motorcycle Rider  Certain culture encourage motorcycle use in early age (e.g. in Pangkal Pinang, Bangka Belitung)  Underage motorcycle rider tend to be more likely to conduct safety violation (riding wihout helmet, riding impaired motorycle, carry more than one passenger (Putranto and Rostiana, 2014)

10. 10 Ride Bicycle  Healthy and affordable mode of school transport  Unsafe cycling (limited bike lane)  Incovinient cycling environment due to wheather and air pollution

11. 11 Use Poor Public Transport  Limited capacity during peak hours  Unsafe operation of public  Bus operator discourage students to board the bus to increase income (student pay less)

12. 12 Use Free School Bus (e.g. Jakarta)  Consists of 15 routes (10 long distance routes and 5 circular routes (shorter distance.  Consists of 104 vehicles  Carry about 10,000 students a day  Available for elementary school, junior high school and high school students

13. 13 SHIFT 105.30 – 07.00 SHIFT 2 11.00 – 16.00 SHIFT 317.00 – 18.30 WAKTU OPERASIONAL 2014 SCHOOL BUS OPERATION TIME :

14. 14 BUS SEKOLAH BUS SEDANG (MEDIUM BUS)

15. 15 BUS SEKOLAH BUS KECIL (MICRO BUS)

16. 16 1. Can not compete with cheap student rate for general public transport. 2. Some small bus operators refuse the existence of parallel school bus route 3. Difficult to shift private vehicle user to school bus 4. Limited number of school bus fleet. 5. Bid for school bus operator was based on cheapestbid and therefore did not guarantee best service. 6. Limited number of high quality staff. PROBLEMS IN SCHOOL BUS DEVELOPMENT

17. 17 Example of School Safety Zone in In Two Lanes-Two Ways Undivided Road in Bandung

18. 18 Example of School Safety Zone in In Four Lanes-Two Ways Divided Road in Semarang

19. 19 Some Problems in School Safety Zone in Indonesia Red carpet markings are covered during asphalt overlay process. Road signs are removed during road widening. Road signs are covered by trees.

20. 20 Printed Materials Available for Children/ Parents Traffic Safety Education For children 3-5 years old For children 6-8 years old For children 9-11 years old Parental guide for 3-5 years old children Parental guide for 6-8 years old children Parental guide for 9-11 years old children

21. 21 Example of Material for 3-5 Years Old Children

22. 22 Problems in Traffic Safety Education for Children School curriculum has already occupied with too many subjects. Adding traffic safety education as part of the school curriculum might be a burden for the school children. It might be delivered as an extra curriculer activities.

23. 23 Thank You for Your Attention