1. BROADBAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR POLISH LAND FORCES - GLOBAL CHARACTERISTICS
This presentation is related to the project of future broadband communication system for polish land forces. This project has been carried out in Poland by Military Communication Institute for five years. The objective of this presentation is to show the current state of work as well as general assumptions of the project.

2. CONTENTS Schedule of work Other projects
3. Main features of the system
- global description
- proposed technologies
4. System’s architecture
- global architecture
- functional subsystems
- example of topology
5. Nodes’ architecture
- architecture of WAS node
- architecture of LAS node
- devices
- shelters
6. Conclusions
This presentation will raise (IS TO RAISE) the following issues:
The schedule of work under development of the system
Relation to other projects
Main features of the system
General architecture of the system
Architecture of communication nodes as well as their physical implementation in shelters
At the end I’ll briefly present conclusions

3. SCHEDULE OF WORK Beginning of the project – 1999.
Operational requirements and conception – 1999/2000.
„Testbed” – 2001/2002.
Tactical and Technical Requirements – end of 2002.
Technical documentation of devices and shelters – 2003.
Prototypes of the shelters – 2004/2005.
Testing and national certification – 2006.
Implementation and developing 2006/2007.
Before going into details I will give you the necessary background information.
The work under development of the KOKUS project started in 1999.
The first stage of realization of this project was development of operational and functional assumptions and conception of the system (from 1999 to 2000).
Next, to verify the conception there has been built the laboratory model (testbed), which modelled basic elements described in system’s conception.
From 2001 to 2002 on the basis of the testbed (with variable structure – some of the elements were bought, some of them only borrowed) there have been performed groups of experiments.

4. TESTBED
The current structure of the testbed is shown on this slide. There can be seen particular groups of equipment, like ATM switches, ISDN exchanges, IP routers and support equipment (hubs, terminals). The architecture of the testbed was being changed and acquired during the researches. The main tests included:
Tests of efficiency of performing ATM services (using link simulators and real connections)
Tests of accuracy of performing ISDN and IP services
Tests of cooperation of ATM and ISDN technologies, for example CES – connection’s emulation and other solutions
Tests of cooperation of ATM and IP technologies (using particular protocols: CLIP, LANE and MPOA)
Tests of cooperation with narrowband networks - DSTG interface (based on STANAG 4578)
Video services’ performance – in different technologies
and other groups and subgroups of detailed tests devoted to solving different problems.

5. Tactical Communications for the Land Combat Zone - Post-2000
OTHER PROJECTS
Tactical Communications for the Land Combat Zone - Post-2000
(TACOMS Post-2000) - NATO nations
Warfighter Information Network (WIN-T) - USA
RITA-2000, ATTILA - France
Cormorant, Falcon UK
TITAAN Netherlands
TASMUS Turkey
Polish idea of developing the prospective communication system is not unique.
Similar projects have been also carried out in other countries.
They are undoubtedly the source of very important information and new ideas that must be taken into consideration by our engineers.
The crucial project is international TP2K – TACOMS Post 2000, which will lead to developing the family of standards on the interoperability of heterogeneous communication systems.

6. Program
TACOMS Post
Poland is one of thirteen participants in this project. We perform a group of, so called, Work Packages.
While performing KROKUS project we are trying to meet requirements specified in TACOMS and prepare for future implementation of the whole standard.

7. TACOMS Post - 2000 Objective
a. Design,
b. Validate, and
c. Establish
common standards for a post generation of NATO tactical communications system.
The objective of the TP2K is to design, validate and establish common standard for the interoperation of the communication systems of NATO participant countries. It is not to produce the actual system, but to develop a special kind of common language that can be used to interconnect systems built in different technologies.

8. MAIN FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM
- required level of interoperability (TP2K)
- interworking with stationary communication systems
- interoperability with existing systems
- COTS principle
- the latest technologies
- advanced telecommunications services
- management
- security
- open for modification
Now let’s have a look at the basic features of the system developed in Poland.
First of all – it must provide the required level of interoperability with other systems (in terms of TP2K to be able to enable interworking with stationary communication systems
It should base on commercial equipment COTS - Commercial Off The Shelf
And use the newest technologies and services (with emphasis on necessity of providing QoS -Quality of Service)
The system should also provide high degree of security of transferred information and modern system management methods
The last but not least – it should be open for modifications and enable implementation of emerging new solutions.

9. ISDN Ethernet ATM Technologies used in the system
used in the trunk and access nodes. ISDN switches first of all should provide phone services for subscribers.
used in local area network based on TCP/IP family protocols. This technology should provide data transmission in the system.
used in the trunk and access nodes. ATM switches are the main elements of these nodes. Purpose - integration of different technologies used in nodes, provision of effective trunks’ utilization in the system and quality of service.
ISDN
Ethernet
ATM

10. SYSTEM’S ARCHITECTURE
WAS Wide Area Subsystem LAS Local Area Subsystem MS Mobile Subsystem
LTB LANTELBOX AP Access Point
TrSh Transmission Shelter
SwSh Switching Shelter
Sw-ASh - Switching – Access Shelter
RAPSh - Radio Access Point Shelter
SMCS - System Management and Control Subsystem
CNR - Combat Net Radio

11. SECURITY SUBSYSTEM
Security subsystem will be realised according to “two-level encryption” rule. It will be:
Bulk encryption – performed by bulk encryption equipment (in internodal relations)
Source encryption – performed in ISDN terminals as well as in IP networks (by IP-Crypto) and in radio subsystem.

12. NODES’ ARCHITECTURE WAS node ATM Switch
SAT
LOS
HC LOS
HC LOS
LOS Z
CVSD systems
DSTG
ATM
Switch Z E1
STM-1
other
(PCM)
systems
On this slide we can see the general architecture of the WAS node.
It shows location of functional elements of the node, which are physical realization of the technologies mentioned earlier (ATM, ISDN and IP).
Take a notice on the differentiation of switching and transmission part.
The switching part will mainly consist of:
ATM switch (with expanded part of network interfaces),
small ISDN exchange,
IP router,
bulk encryption equipment
and interface to cooperate with networks of old park.
Here we can see the transmission part.
Obviously, the number of transmission node's users is small - limited in practice to serving supposes.
The transmission part of the node is well developed - because of the necessity of realization of many radiorelay directions.
It is possible in the future to use other transmission media, for example satellite terminals, which are now being analysed by our engineers.
STM-1 Z E1 E1 E1
PBX
Router
(ISDN)
(IP)
LAN
digital (ISDN)
analog
Subscribers

13. Location of the shelters in the trunk node
This slide presents exemplary location of the communication shelters in the WAS node.
It is foreseen to use one switching shelter and three transmission shelters, which means realization of 12 radiorelay directions.
WAS node can also include: RAP shelter, delegated narrowband transmission shelter, and mentioned earlier satellite terminal.
The major part of the node will be the switching shelter.

14. LAS node
SAT
HC LOS
HC LOS
LOS Z
CVSD systems
DSTG
ATM
Switch
E1, E2 Z E1
STM-1
other
(PCM)
systems E1
STM-1 Z E1
The architecture of the communication node on command post (that is LAS node) is very similar to the architecture described earlier.
There should be noticed however major differences:
The switching access part is expanded (because of the big number of users)
Equipment will have a different module structure – for example ATM switch will have smaller number of network ports and greater number of access ones. This is true also for ISDN exchanges and IP routers.
The transmission part will be limited, since the LAS node is connected to Wide Area Subnetwork by only two radiorelay links.
Router (IP)
PBX
(ISDN)
Switch
LAN
Ethernet
LAN
digital (ISDN)
analog
video
Subscribers

15. Location of the shelters in the access node
This slide presents exemplary location of the communication shelters in the LAS node.
As we can see it is foreseen to use one switching shelter and one transmission shelter, which means realization of maximum 3 radiorelay directions.
LAS node may include also elements mentioned while describing WAS node, the narrowband transmission shelter and satellite terminal.

16. BROADBAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM – SHELTERS
In this part of the presentation I’ll try to describe the fundamental parts of the communication shelters and then, I’ll go into details on their applicability and content.

17. SYSTEM’S ARCHITECTURE
WAS Wide Area Subsystem LAS Local Area Subsystem MS Mobile Subsystem
TN Trunk Node AN Access Node
External
systems
Existing
systems TN
SwSh-t TN TN
DSTG
TrSh
HCLOS
WAS TN TN TN
SECURITY
RAP
SwSh-a AN MS
Now let’s take a look at the general architecture of the system.
The primary infrastructure in the system is the WAS - Wide Area Subsystem - the mesh network consisting of trunk nodes connected by radio relay links.
WAS network will be able to connect nodes on command posts of so called LAS - Local Area Subsystem - concentrating system's users and providing voice services, data and video transmission.
Radio network (in the form of Mobile Subsystem MS) will use particular radio networks with the possibility to connect to radiorelay network – by using access points, in this case: RAP – Radio Access Points.
We can see also two parts that operate on the whole area of the system – SMCS which is the management and control subsystem and security subsystem.
The system will be able to interoperate with other existing external systems and military communication network through DSTG interface.
PBX
LAN
LAN
Radio networks
SMCS T T T T T T
LAS

18. DEVICES IN SHELTERS ATM switch ISDN switch Access Integrator
Bulk Encryption Device
Multiplexer
Media Converter
Gateway IP/ISDN
Base Station WLAN
Radio Relay

19. ATM Switch - TAKOM Element of the WAS and LAS networks
CBR, VBR, UBR services’ support
PVC, SPVC and SVC support
Resources’ management: e.g. CAC, UPC
PNNI, ILMI, UNI signaling support
IISP, PNNI routing
SNMPv3 management
AESA addressing support
Interoperation with IP: LANE, CLIP
Access switch
STM-1MM – 2 ports
E1 IMA – 16 ports (4x4)
Eth 10/100TX – 6 ports
Eth 100FX – 7 ports
ISDN card – 4 x S0
Trunk switch
STM-1MM – 2 ports
E1 IMA – 48 ports (12x4)
Eth. 10/100TX – 7 ports
Eth. 100FX – 6 ports
ISDN card – 4 x S0

20. ISDN Switch – DGT 3450–1 WW ISDN bearer services’ support
Supplementary services’ support
DSS1 signaling on digital subscribers’ lines
DSS1 and QSIG signaling on trunks
DSTG gateway (STANAG 4578 ed. 2)
STANAG 5046 i STANAG 4214 numbering support
SNMPv3 management
Access Switch
E1 PRI – 8 ports
4578 E1 PRI – 2 ports
4206/EUROCOM D1 – 2 ports
S – 16 ports
UK – 16 ports
Trunk Switch
E1 PRI – 4 ports
4578 E1 PRI – 2 ports
4206/EUROCOM D1 – 2 ports
S – 16 ports
UK – 16 ports

21. Access Integrator - AI ATM-ISDN
Element of the Switching – Access and Switching – Trunk Shelters
Provides an effective interworking between ISDN switches through ATM network
ATM trunking using AAL1 support
QSIG and DSS1 to UNI 4.0 conversion support
STANAG 5046 to ATM AESA address conversion support
Interoperation with ATM switch through STM-1 interface
Interoperation with ISDN switch through two ISDN PRI interfaces
CBR, VBR, UBR services’ support
PVC, SPVC and SVC support
Resources’ management: e.g. CAC, UPC
SNMPv1 management

22. The view of the shelter

23. IMPLEMENTATION OF TACOMS Post INTERFACES IN SWITCHING SHELTER

24. Example of application

25. Example of application

26. QUESTIONS?