1. Basic Networking Components
David Ingles

2. Basic parts of the network
Hub
Switch
Router
Bridge
Gateway
Firewall
Wireless AP

3. Network Hubs
Hubs sends data from one computer to all other computers on a network
Operates on Layer 1 of OSI model
Acts as a “repeater” for signal passing through
Declining in use in favor of switches and routers

4. Switches Relays traffic using Layer 2 address
Contains software that supports building of routing tables
Substantial improvement over Hubs
Used to join multiple computers to a LAN

5. Bridges Similar to a switch in function
Used to combine two or more independent networks into a single unit
Usually associated with LAN device using MAC addresses
Operates on OSI layers 1 and 2

6. Routers More powerful than hubs, switches, or bridges
Principal operations at OSI layer 3 with IP Addresses
Often configured as Firewalls
Utilize extensive network management features
Can be configured to operate as Bridges
Used to connect multiple computers together as a LAN and provide connection to WAN

7. Wireless Access Points
Connects wired and wireless networks
Operates at IEEE specifcations
Many Routers have WAP features integrated into them
Used to connect wireless devices to a network

8. Gateways
Network node used to interface with networks using other protocols
Can operate at any network level
Serves as access point to another network
Usually integrated into other hardware

9. Firewalls Protects computers from unauthorized access
Hardware or software-based
Often integrated into Routers or switches

10. How it all connects

11. Price Ranges Hubs- $15- $1000 Switches $50-$100,000 Bridges $20-$4000
Routers $10- $1500
WAPs $10- $4000
Gateways $10-$12000
Firewalls $150- $200,000 for hardware
$20-$500 for software