1. MJ02/07041 Session 02 Network Components Adapted from Network Management: Principles and Practice © Mani Subramanian 2000 and solely used for Network Management course at Universitas Bina Nusantara

2. MJ02/07042 Technology and Management What are the technologies that need to managed? Challenges of technological progress on network management

3. MJ02/07043 Computer Network Technology Network comprises Nodes Links Topology: How they’re configured LAN WAN

4. MJ02/07044 LAN Type of LANs Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Half-duplex vs Full-duplex Switched Ethernet VLAN Token ring FDDI ATM / LANE

5. MJ02/07045 WAN Facilities / Media Wired: Copper, Coaxial, Fiber Wireless: Terrestrial, Satellite Mode: Digital, Analog Services: POTS, ISDN, Broadband

6. MJ02/07046 Nodes Hubs Bridges/Remote bridges Routers Gateways Switches

7. MJ02/07047 Network Node Components Hub Bridge, Remote bridge Router, Gateway Switch Router Switched Hub Bridge Remote Bridge ATM Switch Gateway External Network RouterHubWorkstation Dial-up Network External Network Hub

8. MJ02/07048 Basic Network Nodes

9. MJ02/07049 Basic LAN Topologies Bus topology Used in Ethernet LAN family Common shared medium Randomized access (CSMA/CD) Easy to implement Lower utilization under heavy traffic 30%-40% Single culprit could effect the entire LAN Ethernet DTE

10. MJ02/070410 Basic LAN Topologies DTE Ring Topology Used in token ring and FDDI Shared medium Deterministic access Master DTE has control High utilization >90%

11. MJ02/070411 Star & Hybrid LAN Topologies Star topology used with bus and ring topology Hub is “LAN in a box” What does the electronic LAN inside the box look like? Why has hub become so popular? DTE Token Ring HubEthernet Hub DTE

12. MJ02/070412 WAN Topologies Mesh topology Implemented in network layer level Multiple paths between nodes Flat topology, Redundancy, Load balancing, Shortest path Tree topology Used with Ethernet bridges Hierarchical Efficient for small networks and, special purpose networks N3 N4 N2 N5 N1 Mesh Topology N6 N1 N2N3 N6N5N4 Tree Topology

13. MJ02/070413 Transmission Technology Medium Mode WiredWireless LAN WAN Digital Analog LAN Physical transport media UTP Coax Fiber Terrestrial wireless Satellite transmission MobileSatellite

14. MJ02/070414 Transmission Modes User 1User 2User 3User 4User 30 Time Channel Bandwidth Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) E1 Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Transmission channel 2 channel 1 channel 30 Cell Transmission (ATM) User 1 Bandwidth Time User 3User 4 User 2User 3 User 15 User 1User 4 User 1 User 15 Cell Multiplexing

15. MJ02/070415 LAN Data Rate Ethernet 10Mbps FDDI 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet 100Mbps ATM 155.52 Mbps Gigabit E’Net 1 Gbps ATM STM-n

16. MJ02/070416 Hubs Hub is a platform Function dependent on what is housed LAN (Bus/Ethernet) Switched LAN (Ethernet) Bridge Hub Patch Panel DTE Wiring Closet

17. MJ02/070417 Stacked Hubs Hub ports can be scaled up using stacked hubs Stacked hub extend back plane connected as daisy chain Hub 2 Hub 1 Backplane Interconnection To DTEs

18. MJ02/070418 Switched Ethernet Maximum throughput increased ~N/2 in N-port hub Snooping capability lost for management Switched hub DTE

19. MJ02/070419 Client/Server Using Switched Hub Server Switched hub Workstation 10 Mbps 100 Mbps

20. MJ02/070420 Router Routes packets between nodes of similar network protocols Routing table used to route packets DLC and Physical layers could be different under the same common network layer protocol Protocol interface Physical medium A TP NP DP Phy TP NP DP' Phy' Network A Protocol P Network B Protocol P Router NP DP Phy NP DP' Phy' Physical medium B

21. MJ02/070421 Gateway Gateway is router connecting two networks with dissimilar network protocols Gateway does the protocol conversion at the network layer Protocol converter does the conversion at the application layer Protocol interface Physical medium TP NP DP Phy TP NP' DP' Phy' Network A Protocol P Network B Protocol Q Gateway DP Phy NP' DP' Phy' NP

22. MJ02/070422 Switched Networks Switches are embedded in bridges and routers Switched network used in WAN Two types of switched networks Circuit-switched Packet-switched Datagram service Virtual circuit B A D C DTE ADTE Z Pkt3Pkt2Pkt1 Pkt3Pkt2Pkt1 Pkt3 Pkt2 Pkt1 Virtual Circuit Configuration

23. MJ02/070423 Switched Networks B AD C DTE ADTE Z Pkt3Pkt2Pkt1 Pkt2Pkt3Pkt1 Pkt3 Pkt2 Datagram Configuration

24. MJ02/070424 Broadband Services SDH WAN Campus ATM / LAN Network Campus ATM / LAN Network Residential Customer Network Residential Customer Network STM-n Service Providers Gateway Broadband Access Broadband Access

25. MJ02/070425 Integrated services: Voice, video, and data Narrow band ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) Basic rate:2B + D (B channel 64 kbps and D channel 16 kbps Primary rate: 23B + D channels Broadband Services ATM SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) Access technologies: HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial) / Cable modem ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) Broadband Services