1. “I didn’t know there were that many streets…” Global Positioning Systems and the Traveler with a Visual Impairment Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS July 22, 2012

2. Kansas Factoids World’s Best Ice Cream Dwight David Eisenhower Brown v. Board of Education Cawker City Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS2July 22, 2012

3. Berthold Lowenfeld Blindness imposes the following limitations:  In the range and variety of experiences  In the ability to get about  In the control of the environment and the self in relation to it. (1948) Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS3July 22, 2012

4. Why GPS???? Why GPS???? “I feel like I'm "cheating" somehow, when I don't have to keep track of what street is what, where it's located, what direction I'm heading, etc... it frees my mind up to concentrate on other aspects of orientation...and then, listening to the GPS as I'm riding in a car, realizing the breadth of this world that is outside my car window I have heretofore never gotten to interact with…amazing, simply amazing.” KM age 39 Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS4July 22, 2012

5. The Law Educating Blind and Visually Impaired Students Federal Register: June 8, 2000. Assistance to States for the Education of Children With Disabilities and Preschool Grants for Children With Disabilities Federal Register: August 14, 2006. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS 5 July 22, 2012

6. Preparation for GPS Preparation for GPS Positional concepts Compass orientation Landmarks Visual Maps Tactile maps – Wheatley – Tactile Town – Swell paper – Collage/Braillon Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS6July 22, 2012

7. Student Considerations Interest Perceived utility Maturity > Age Cognitive ability Dexterity Route concept Stamina Techiness is useful, but not essential. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS7

8. Data > Opinion Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS8July 22, 2012

9. Device Considerations The difficulty or simplicity of learning how to use a system must work for the student first and the teacher second. Mike May It’s not about you… It’s not about you… It’s not about you… July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS9

10. Four Stages of Learning Unconsciously Incompetent Consciously Incompetent Consciously Competent Unconsciously Competent Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS10July 22, 2012

11. Devices Sendero Apex/BrailleNote Trekker Maestro and Trekker Trekker Breeze Garmin Oregon 450 July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS11

12. Begin at the Beginning… Start with the component parts – Assemble/Disassemble Orient to the device Follow with the key describer mode GPS limits/parameters Movement versus static position July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS12

13. Begin at the Beginning… Start with the familiar Then walk, listen, and reference – Learn the language – Repeat the message – What is the information… – Where is it provided… July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS13

14. I Say Tomato… What it is… Minnesota Olathe Lenexa Belleview Panera Chipotle Rosehill Belinder Pflumm What it sounds like… Minneysotaa Ahlith Leneexaah Believeyou Pannerra Chipitil Rossahill Beelinedeer P F L U M M July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS14

15. Mapping StreetOpen Area July 22, 201215Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS

16. Landmarks/Waypoints Street and Open Area Mapping – Know where you are – Multiple landmarks can be set at the same time/same spot. – Always set a landmark at the beginning of a route. Always set a landmark at the beginning of a route. Always… Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS16July 22, 2012

17. Landmarks/Waypoints Pair with physical reference points Label noun first, then adjective – “Smith High School, East Door…” Address entry results July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS17

18. Landmarks/Waypoints Nurture environmental literacy. Fill in the gaps to develop the gestalt of the area. Set before and after hazards, headaches, and irritations. Practice renaming, deleting, and unsetting as a destination. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS18

19. Point of Interest = POI Point of Interest Preset on Maps – TeleAtlas – NAVTEQ Use POI rich environments to begin instruction Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS19July 22, 2012

20. Point of Interest = POI Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS20 Where is the “spot?” July 22, 2012

21. Routing Modes Pedestrian – Distance parameters Motorized – Time parameters July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS21

22. Routing Reliability Self-created routes Landmarks and Waypoints POIs Address Entry July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS22

23. Sources of GPS Error Signal slows as it passes through the atmosphere Signal multipath occurs when the GPS signal is reflected off objects such as tall buildings or large rock surfaces before it reaches the receiver. Number of satellites visible-buildings, terrain, electronic interference, or sometimes even dense foliage can block signal reception Receiver clock errors- receiver's built-in clock is not as accurate as the atomic clocks on board the GPS satellites. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS23July 22, 2012

24. Problem Solving Always warm up the device. Reset… Routing Hiccups – No GPS coverage – Turn back – Off route – Silence July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS24

25. Teaching Considerations GPS usage demands solid fundamental O & M skills for the final +/- 50 feet. – Everything is relative. – Context clues/concepts must be practiced. – Organizational parameters – Time and distance – Solicitation of aid – Don’t tell…question. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS25July 22, 2012

26. A GPS device is a where and when tool... July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS26 Teaching Considerations

27. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS27 Teaching Considerations Much better…

28. Teaching Considerations Preview routes for “blackholes.” Take a cheat sheet on lessons and use it. Use multiple SD cards. Settings menu Earplugs and headphones are not recommended when traveling. Assume nothing and be open to learning. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS28July 22, 2012

29. 29Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS Showing is better than telling… Teaching Considerations

30. Let your student show you and others. Inservice classmates, teachers, and parents. Encourage borrowing. Get lost on lessons. Motorized guidance Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS30July 22, 2012

31. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS31 Teaching Considerations

32. Dual lesson with Trekker Breeze and Garmin Oregon 450 July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS32 Teaching Considerations

33. Curricular Integration Conceptual Development Literacy Physical Education Geography Mathematics Social Competency Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS33July 22, 2012

34. The Continuum “Outer space.” “Mommy, we need to turn here” “Directing a cab driver to my destination gave me control.” Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS34July 22, 2012

35. Cooperative Learning July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS35

36. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS36 My weekly lunch, community awareness, social interaction, environmental access, GPS lesson… Audrey

37. Josh’s Excellent Adventure July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS37

38. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS38 Josh’s Excellent Adventure

39. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS39 The carrot… Josh’s Excellent Adventure

40. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS40 Josh’s Excellent Adventure

41. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS41 Josh’s Excellent Adventure

42. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS42 Josh’s Excellent Adventure

43. Matt’s Pre-trip Errand July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS43

44. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS44 Matt’s Pre-trip Errand

45. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS45 Matt’s Pre-trip Errand

46. July 22, 2012Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS46 Matt’s Pre-trip Errand

47. Theory of Relativity “You are only as INDEPENDENT as your relatives ALLOW you to be.” Paul Ehresman Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS47July 22, 2012

48. Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS Kansas State School for the Blind 1100 State Avenue Kansas City, KS 66102 Office: 913.281.3308 X335 Cell: 913.645.8262 cphillips@kssdb.org cleep1700@att.net Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS48July 22, 2012

49. Sources Phillips, C. L. (2011). Getting From Here to There and Knowing Where: Teaching GPS to Children who are Visually Impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 105, 675-680. www.garmin.com www.humanware.com www.sendero.com Leader Dogs for the Blind Trekker GPS Training Craig L. Phillips, MS Ed. COMS49July 22, 2012