1. Unit 3 Fascinating Oceans
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Unit 3
Fascinating Oceans

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“I love the ocean. I want to be a diver when I, grow up,” said Bob. “Here’s an article about oceans, ”said Jack.

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Oceans
Oceans make up nearly three-quarters of the earth’s surface. There are five oceans in all – the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Antarctic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.

4. There are all kinds of life forms in the oceans
There are all kinds of life forms in the oceans. Some examples are giant squid and seahorses. Some plants are so small that you would need a microscope to see them. There are also huge animals like the blue whale, the largest mammal in the world.
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Scientists divide the oceans into four layers to study. Most ocean life forms are found in the Sunlight Zone. The second layer, the Twilight Zone, is colder and darker than the Sunlight Zone. Fewer plants and animals are found here. The Midnight Zone is below the Twilight Zone. Sunlight does not reach this layer and there is very little plant or animal life.

5. Sunlight Zone Twilight Zone Midnight Zone Abyss and trenches
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Sunlight Zone
Twilight Zone
Midnight Zone
Abyss and trenches
The layers of the ocean

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The abyss and trenches are found in the deepest layer. The deepest sea trench is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. It is more than metres below the surface of the ocean!
Scientists have learnt much about the oceans. There are, however, many mysteries still waiting to be explained.

7. Read the first paragraph slowly and carefully.
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“This information report contains a lot of interesting facts. How can I understand it better?” asked Bob.
“Well, you can look for the main idea in each in each paragraph,” Jack explained.
Read the first paragraph slowly and carefully.

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Ocean make up nearly three-quarters of the earth’s surface. There are five oceans in all –the Pacific Ocean, the Antarctic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.
The first sentence
contains the main
idea of the
paragraph.
The other sentence in the paragraph
provides more information about the
main idea.

9. The tiny fish are fleeing from the big fish that is chasing them.
Bob’s class is watching a documentary film about ocean creatures.
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The tiny fish are fleeing from the big
fish that is chasing them.

10. This starfish is crawling along the ocean floor where there is food.
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11. These are the turtles which lay their
eggs at the same beach every year.
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12. My partner is the boy whose father is a deep-sea diver.
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My partner is the boy whose father is a deep-sea diver.
The people who made this documentary are great!

13. The class observes some sea creatures
The crabs are moving quickly.
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The octopus is gripping its prey tightly.
The stingrays are dancing gracefully in the water.

14. The prawns are moving about beautifully.
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The cuttlefish cleverly changes the colour of its body to protect itself.
The shark attacks suddenly.

15. The A to Z of Ocean Life Angelfish, archerfish
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Angelfish, archerfish
Butterfly fish,
Crabs and clams,
Dolphins and deep-sea
Eels,
Flying fish,
Great white sharks and giant squid,
Herring, halibut,
Immense schools of barracuda,
Jellyfish,
Krill,
Lanternfish, lobsters,
Mackerel and manatees,
Narwhal,
Octopuses and Orca whales,
Prawns, porpoises and all kinds of
Queer fish, quick fish, slow fish,
Rays,
Seaweeds, seahorses, sea slugs, sponges,
Tuna, turtles and
Unusual things like
Viper fish and
Whelks – they all live in the oceans.
eXamine ocean life and
You will find creatures that are
Zany, colourful, beautiful, ugly
and absolutely amazing!

16. Let’s write an information report on blue whales for our classmates!
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An information report provides facts and descriptions about a topic. Here are some features of an information report:
the title tells us what the report is about
the first sentence is usually a general statement that introduces the topic
each paragraph is made up of a main idea and supporting details
photographs labelled with captions make the information clearer
the last sentence is usually a general statement that ends the report

17. Appearance or features:
Here are the question Jack and Tim camp up with to help them find information for their report.
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Appearance or features:
What do they look like?
Habitat or place where
they live :
Where do they live? 3
Blue whale
Their eating habits:
What do blue whales
eat? 5 4
Other special information
about blue whales:
Why do blue whales sing?
Who or what is a danger to
blue whales?
How they have young and look
after them:
How do they have young?
How do they feed their young?

18. Skimming
We skim or look through a book or an article quickly to decide if it has the information we are looking for. We can also skim to revise or review a text after we have read it.
Tim found many books and brochures that he thought might give him information about corals.
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Hmm… this one says All You Need to Know About Corals. It must have useful information .
So many! Which ones will have the most useful information?
Let’s read the titles first.

19. read the title and the headings
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Tim looked at the Contents pages if the books he had chosen. This helped him identify the most useful parts of each book.
To skim:
read the title and the headings
read the first paragraph and the first sentence of other paragraphs
look for key words
read the last paragraph

20. ea ee ie sea eat creature leap feature flee deep breed feed eel
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sea eat creature leap feature ee
flee deep breed feed eel ie
chief field piece yield believe