1. What is peace? What is a treaty? Is this a peace treaty? PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE

2. Solution to Over- population? KIA > 15M WIA > 20M Flu Pandemic > 20M http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/ww1-loss.htm

3. Casualties Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead

4. Big Four Dominate Proceedings Britain > L. George France> Clemenceau Italy> V. Orlando U.S.> W. Wilson: Fourteen Points Germany: [forced] to capitulate to pay reparations to lose colonies to lose territory

5. Reparations

6. Weaknesses of Treaty Germany forced [previous notes] Austria-Hungary divided Russia lost territory [not even at proceedings] No self-determination for S. E. Asia

7. Austria-Hungary Divided

8. Wilsons Fourteenth Point Est. League of Nations designed as international peacekeeper Weaknesses of League of Nations No U.S. Senate approval [no collective security] No enforcement capabilities

9. Woodrow Wilson

10. The League of Nations 1920-1946

11. Mandate System Britain & France gain control of German and Ottoman territories Set up trusteeship over lost colonies Germans & Arabs oppose mandate system SELF- DETERMINATION: European self- determination [ie.] Poland - Baltic States – Czechoslovakia Trusteeships in S.E. Asia and Middle East

12. Treaty Sudetenland Polish Corridor

18. Pitfalls to European Hegemony ECONOMIC PROBLEMS: Reversed economic relationships b/w Europe & the U.S. Inflation loss of investment loss of foreign markets loss of prestige weakened colonial influence POLITICAL PROBLEMS: Spread concept of self-determination U.S.S.R. spread nationalist movements Undermined power over colonies

20. Enduring Questions Why create a global peacekeeping organization? How can we make it truly effective? How has the Mandate System impacted the Middle East? How can we compare the Bush Iraq Plan to the Mandate System?