1. Singular and Plural Nouns

2. Singular Nouns
Singular means ONE.

3. Plural Nouns
Plural means MANY.

4. Rule #1
To change the singular form of a word to it’s plural form, we usually add a “s” to the end of the word.
Examples
girl girls
tortoise tortoises
camera cameras
monkey monkeys

5. Rule #2
If the singular form of the word ends with “s”, “ss”, “x”, “zz”,”ch”, or “sh” then add “es” to the end of the word.
Examples
moss mosses
bush bushes
beach beaches
fox foxes
ditch ditches

6. Rule #3
If the form of the word ends with “y” and the preceding letter is a vowel, then to change it to its plural form, add “s” to the end of the word. Example: boy + s = boys

7. Rule 4
If the singular form of a word ends with “y” and its preceding letter is a consonant, replace the “y” with and “i” and add “es” to the end of the word.
Examples
puppy puppies
baby babies
daisy daisies
bunny bunnies
guppy guppies

8. kangaroo + s = kangaroos
Rule 5
If the singular form of the word ends with the letter “o” and its preceding letter is a vowel, add “s” to the end of the word.
Example
radio + s =radios
kangaroo + s = kangaroos

9. Rule #6
If the singular for of a word ends with the letter “o” and its preceding letter is a consonant, then to change it to its plural form, add “es” to the end of the word. Example potato + es =potatoes

10. Rule #7
If the singular form of a word ends with the letters “fe” or “f”, then to change it to its plural form, replace “fe” with “ves”. Example: knife + ves = knives

11. Exception 2
Some words remain exactly the same when changing from singular to plural.
deer deer

12. Exception
Some words modify their spelling when changing from singular to plural.
Man Men

13. houses baby church tables books bus
Write P if the noun below is plural. Write S if the noun below is singular.
houses
baby
church
tables
books
bus

14. Can you make these nouns plural?
half
piano
spy
brush