1. 1 HC-SDMA or as potential technology for MESA MESA, San Diego April ‘05 David S James, PhD Director, UK djames@oak-global.comOAK Global - for ArrayComm and QinetiQ David S James, PhD Director, UK djames@oak-global.comOAK Global - for ArrayComm and QinetiQ

2. 2 Mobile Drivers - Portable and personalized devices Wired Broadband Drivers - Rich applications/content Portable Broadband Access Portable Broadband Drivers - Rich personal content portable applications

3. 3 Fixed Local Area Wide Area Wireless Landscape Broadband Narrowband User Speed in practice Bluetooth W-LAN LMDS MMDS Satellite 2G 2.5G Proprietary 3G PWDSL Mobility Freedom

4. 4 Packet Service Switch (Tunnel Switch, PDSN) Content provider Enterprise VPN Application service provider ISP Billing and Service Platforms Internet DSL PSTN Cable ServiceAccess & Transport i-BURST Subscribers i-BURST Base Station i-BURST Base Station i-BURST Base Station WAN HC-SDMA or Portable Wireless DSL (PWDSL): Extension of Wired Network Leverages existing infrastructure Compatible with all IP services, applications

5. 5 PWDSL: it can use a smidgen of unpaired spectrum in 1.5 – 2.5 GHz area, thrives on multipath, non LoS it is not FWA, BFWA or 2G, 2.5G, 3G, even 4G (?) it is not highest-speed mobility (e.g. TVA) it is very spectrally efficient (x40, soon x 80 times 2G mobile) it does offer true broadband, not wideband it does have massive capacity c.f. other approaches it is economical, highly competitive with ADSL but also offering true portability it is HC-SDMA or Portable Wireless DSL or MBWA or iBurst™, likely IEEE 802.20 (TDD) it needs a single, unpaired 5 MHz initially, prudently 10 MHz for longer term HC-SDMA: it is and it isn’t …

6. 6 So is HC-SDMA so different from (B)FWA, and cellular mobile ? ubiquitous Broadband Wireless Access is the new utility for the 21 st century. it is not a voice-centric system, it is a pure-IP data approach true user BB data rates, long range and indoor, high capacity, portable and nomadic no directional TS antennas, no installation – the premise is that there are no premises (so TS not “CPE”); no “architectural acne” features intra-system hand-over and inter-system (RLAN) but with highest security (even before VPN use)

7. 7 uses TDD, adaptive antenna technology and spatial coding (SDMA) to give unprecedented capacity, range, spectrum efficiency* TDD means the eigenvector solution to the channel weighting problem is well posed; for FDD the solution can forever only be approximate Core technology (ArrayComm) deployed in >0.3 m base stations globally and soon for >0.25 m lines of FWA MAC layer and extensive adaptation features mean carrier class, with good granularity for traffic handling, overall more than matching ADSL wired in every sense. leverages very best established technologies in a new mix and in a new, low-complexity architectural arrangement * 4 bps/Hz/cell, then double this Why unpaired spectrum etc?

8. 8 Adaptive Antenna Concept as 1 (t)+bs 2 (t)as 1 (t)-bs 2 (t) +1 User 1, s 1 (t)e j  t 2as 1 (t) 2bs 2 (t) User 2, s 2 (t)e j  t Users’ signals arrive with different relative phases and amplitudes at array Processing provides gain and interference mitigation

9. 9 HC-SDMA security summary Security integral part of AI protocol and h/w design Supports advanced security mechanisms Mutual authentication of TSs and CSs Protocol security architecture to overcome known security attacks Overcomes all known ‘Wi-Fi’ attacks. Transparently enables end-to-end network, transport and application layer security mechanisms

10. 10 HC-SDMA Summary A new benchmark in spectrally efficient portable Internet access systems Cost effective, secure delivery of massive data Adaptive array technology and TDD spectrum End to end IP transport, low latency Flexible, evolvable platform to generate new class of broadband and personal Internet services on wide area, carrier grade networks Seamless handover, intra-system and inter-RLAN Australia and S Africa now, soon a number of other countries

11. 11 HC-SDMA as PWDSL Network Performance * i- BURST CDMA 2000 1XRTT 3G GPRS (Mbps)  More subscribers - a 50:1 OSR example shown here  More data  More revenue Data rate per user * per 5 MHz only unpaired, initial rating; capacity likely doubled after 12 mos.

12. 12 Transportable COW

13. Base Unit Backplane PA Unit Wideband Transceiver Local Oscillator PA CTL Modem AC/ DC PA Network AC/ DC FAN AC Input AC Input Network GPS Unit x 2 x 4 Configuration for Base Station

14. 14 First PWDSL terminals (Kyocera) Flash-memory type modules imminent, 1.8μ ARM-powered chips w/o and then w/ 802.11 next. PCMCIA Desktop

15. 15 Cost of commercial services per SUB/Month Source: JP Morgan, ArrayComm, Corporate 10k

16. 16 Terminals/Application Segments Market Segment Mobile Prof. E’prise Vert. Lifestyle Trend- setter B’band R’dential SOHO Platforms Laptop PDA Application Specific Desktop Laptop Web-box Modems Broadband Modem Card PDA Module PCMCIA PDA Module OEM Module Broadband Modem Applications E-mail Internet Access VPN Access Mobile/Vertical Applications Remote Sync E-mail Internet Access VPN Access Mobile/Vertical Applications Remote Sync E-mail Internet Access Audio/Video Remote Monitor Mobile Applications Gaming E-mail Internet Access Audio/Video Gaming E-mail Internet Access

17. 17 System Spectral Efficiency 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 IS-95 A IS-95B IS-95C Cdma2000 IS-95 HDR GSM HSCSD PHS IntelliCell® FWA i-Burst Spectral Efficiency in bits/sec/Hz/cell HC-SDMA Advantage 250 19 18 12 1 GPRSCDMA2000WCDMA1xEV-DOi-BURST Base station - geographic density Number of cells to deliver the same information density, Mbps per KM 2 0.16 2.1 2.2 3.4 40 GPRSCDMA2000WCDMA1xEV-DOi-BURST Cell Capacity Throughput in 10 MHz (Mbps)

18. 18 Example: IntelliCell PHS Product Transformed a microcell standard into a medium-size cell, high-traffic system >0.3 million IntelliCell BS deployed in Japan, China & elsewhere, millions of users Data makes more than 20% of traffic and 50% of calls 64 kbps in 1999, 128 kbps in 2001, 384kbps in 2003 MOPT recognized benefits and recommended Smart Antennas for all PHS systems KDDI’s competitors demand Adaptive Array BTS from their suppliers BS’s cheaper at each upgrade step G3 Base Station

19. 19 Base Station BS Antenna PA Unit UT (User Terminal) iBurst System Products Introduction

20. 20 Allocation of Network Capacity: key is providing adequate aggregate bandwidth (c.f. 2G, 3G, PMR, TETRA ……) Normal Operation Mode Homeland Security C2 and Training Commercial Use Crisis Operation Mode Security Use Public Information and Commercial Use % of Capacity Available in Area 020406080100

21. 21 UT Device Management Standardized Interface of TCP/IP

22. 22 iBurst User Terminal Chipset Solutions today Personal Broadband Modem Productio n Availabilit y User Terminal Architecture PBM 1000 Now 1 st Generation User Terminal Solution PBM 20002H 2005 High Integration (embedded ARM, DSP, PLL, and USB) Form-Factor, System Cost, and 33% Power Reduction ARM DRAM FLASH USB/Ethernet DSP PLL PBM 1000 ADC DAC Narrowband Super-het Radio DRAM FLASH Ethernet PBM 2000 ADC DAC Narrowband Super-het Radio 23x23x1.6 484-ball 17x17x1.4 356-ball

23. 23 ATIS T1P1.4 Summary WWINA: Wideband Wireless Internet Access T1P1.4 standardizes WWINA-compliant systems ATIS is ANSI certified HC-SDMA: High-Capacity SDMA, iBurst-based HC-SDMA completion scheduled for later 2005 RF and PHY portions of specification under review L2, L3, security submissions,review in coming months Also underway in IEEE 802.20 (TDD) And various ITU-R Recs. and Reports etc. that relate, esp. to AA technology, are available.

24. 24 A Nationwide High-Performance Mobile Broadband Access System for Security, Contingency and Disaster Response

25. 25 Safety and security communications requirements & drivers

26. 26 Broadband Communication Needs of the Security Community Secure, survivable wireless broadband on demand, with wide coverage Reliable, available in emergencies Video and VTC links to mobile command and monitoring platforms Transportable platforms to cover contingencies Ability to deploy dedicated network or leverage commercial networks with real-time prioritization Interoperability

27. 27 Emergency Response Info-Communication Requirements Disaster response & contingencies may involve multiple state and local agencies as well as NGOs Response rapidity, flexibility and efficacy are critical factors in mitigation and recovery Possible terrorist actions during and after disasters amplify the risks Response efficacy increasingly dependent on up-to-date, on-site, high-bandwidth information Need for interoperability and information- sharing applications (e.g. GIS, VTC, simulations) Optimal response and resource management depends on accurate monitoring and reporting to command levels

28. 28 Critical Infrastructures Water Transportation Oil & Gas Banking & Finance Electric Power Emergency Services Government Services Telecommunications Chemical / Hazmat Agriculture National Assets Public Health Postal / Shipping Food Defense Industrial Base

29. 29 iBurst for Public Sector Applications

30. 30 iBurst for public sector applications iBurst is an All-IP mobile broadband access system, which, deployed over a wide area, enables multiple broadband services, from advanced business VPN, to affordable broadband access in unwired areas. A single dual-use iBurst network can support both commercial and public sector applications. Total priority and pre-emption allow serving the special broad coverage broadband communications requirements of institutional and government entities.. Because of its capacity, performance, prioritization capability, and price points, iBurst is especially applicable to broadband communications requirements for emergency response, contingencies and disaster recovery (during floods, earthquakes, fires, man-made disasters, public disturbances, etc.).

31. 31 Key suitability parameters for security applications Mobile Broadband IP Mobile Broadband IP Priority & bandwidth on demand Priority & bandwidth on demand Robust Wide Area Coverage Robust Wide Area Coverage Secure VPN Self organizing network Self organizing network Communications Security Permanent Availability Pervasive Availability Resilience and Survivability Mobile Command Posts High Performance

32. 32 An iBurst network enables efficient security and emergency response

33. 33 Priority is key requirement for emergency response A key advantage of iBurst is its ability to totally or partially preempt the network’s capacity and provide priority access to government agents Instantly, with a few keystrokes at Network Operations Center In any location – over entire network, or regionally or locally To any class of users – e.g. VIP and Designated Persons For an indefinite period of time This feature is v. hard to achieve on cellular networks (as circuit availability and switch capacity is based on short calls – less than 1 minute average) Priority feature is especially useful During incidents and emergencies (e.g. Floods, Earthquakes, Fires, etc.)  Normal commercial mobile and fixed networks get overloaded :.g. on 9/11/2001 in New York City, demand was 1500% above system capacity For the massive communication needs of Emergency Responders during the first 12 to 48 hours:  e.g. visual information and GIS data to and from the incident location For efficient Command and Control: e.g. resource allocation, decision in real- time

34. 34 Backhaul Node Backhaul Node Typical iBurst Deployment for Disaster & Field Response DB Fixed Base Station WAN Disaster Area National Command Center: e.g. NPO/ EMA Agency Ops Center Fixed Base Station Emergency Personnel Standard Users Commercial ISP DFO MERS Fixed Base Station Mobile Base Stations

35. 35 An iBurst network can be augmented with rapidly deployable platforms

36. 36 Transportable iBurst platforms for emergency and contingency applications Large iBurst Transportable Integrated Platform Small Transportable Integrated Platform

37. 37 Transportable iBurst Base Station Platform Multi-mode backhaul (microwave, satellite, fiber) Self-Propelled, Self-Powered Variety of tower heights from 17m (50ft) to 60m (200 ft) High top and wind load resistance Withstands 160 Km/h (90 mph) winds in operation Compatible with all roads In operation in less than 20 minute after arrival on site NATO versions available (NC3A) Tower-top electronics capable 40 + similar units in operation at cellular networks worldwide Several hundred towers in operation in armed forces and mobile operations worldwide for communications and surveillance

38. 38 Military platform (OAK/SIT-Technologies)

39. 39 Incident Response and Monitoring Scenarios

40. 40 An Emergency Response Scenario Command & control scenario Provide access to systems for field personnel via handheld devices Live video from disaster scene to incident command and national HQ Video teleconferencing Voice over IP

41. 41 A Continuity of Government Scenario A dirty bomb has been detonated in a major city’s central district Key government officials are moving about the city to new locations iBurst provides 1Mbps bandwidth to a user terminal anywhere within coverage area (today: 2 Mbps soon and 8 Mbps later) Removes requirement to have a pre-determined site to move key personnel to Relocate PC laptops from everyday office Connectivity in transit Video teleconference Television news network Access to critical systems still operating Restore office at selected unwired site

42. 42 Nuclear Plant Security Zones Owner Controlled Area Protected Area Vital Area Access Control Points Protected Area Double Fence iBurst-enabled Video Security Perimeter An iBurst base station can provide connectivity with many data sensors, including video surveillance, substantially beyond the patrolled perimeter of the nuclear power plant

43. 43 System and Network Performance Parameters

44. 44 Quantifying HC-SDMA Performance 20 Mbps per cell (15 Mbps Downlink, 5 Mbps Uplink) today Up to 15 Km range today Up to 1.06 Mbps downlink, Up to 350 Kbps uplink per user today Self-optimizing, auto adaptive modulation control (maximizes efficiency) Hundreds of simultaneous high data-rate users per cell Protocol extends to 17 Mbps per user; uplink scales, unlike ADSL Self organizing, good neighbor (decoupled) cells High performance is maintained at edge of cell Mobility up to 100 Km/h today Seamless IP handover, intra- and inter- system Excellent (MAC) access fairness Enables bandwidth on demand, SIP and full IETF compliance

45. 45 Security, Priority and Attack Robustness Strong survivability through IP transport Rapid deployment through range, bandwidth and standard fixed and mobile (modems) terminals Network elements and service providers are managed by the network Standard IP architecture allows using common set of emergency applications independent of access method

46. 46 Comparison of iBurst Dedicated vs. Shared Network ParameterDedicatedSharedRemarks Security (against detection and eavesdropping) Advantage Security (against intrusion) Advantage Availability, RobustnessAdvantage Denser Mesh Part of critical Infrastructure Operational ReadinessAdvantage Because of permanent use Systemic TrainingAdvantage Allows Volunteer Training and NGO Drills Interagency OperabilityAdvantage Allows Organizational Flexibility COTS Availability and Cost of Terminals and Applications Advantage Key Evolutionary Advantage Setup CostAdvantage Also Applies to Tactical and Supplemental /Emergency Units Operational CostAdvantage Worldwide StandardAdvantage

47. 47 Integrated Web Portal for Disaster & Emergency Response Disaster Management (Single Portal Access for all users) E-Authentication (Security) E-Loans (Disaster Loans) Security VPNs (Wired or Wireless) E-Grants (Preparedness/ Disaster grants) Geospatial One-Stop (Hazard maps) Emergency Call Centers PDAs Cell Phones COTS S/W, Pagers Law enforcement (Secure Communications) Emergency Response (Multiple Access Formats) BB Internet Access (iBurst, WiFi, other) Information Dissemination (Police, Fire, BCNER) Info Sharing/ Knowledge Management (State and Local) Requirements Collection Critical Infrastructure Assurance E-Training (Courses & Opportunities) Volunteerism (Planned or Ad-hoc) Access to Latest Information Communication with the Public (Media, NGO, etc.)

48. 48 iBurst NOC (NMS/ EMS, OSS ) iBurst Integrated Functional Architecture Points of Presence DB Partner AS Town1 Town 2 PDSN Customer Service Center Terminal Devices and User Stations Radio Access Network Town 3 Selfcare, Proxy Caching, SMTP, DNS, NTP, etc. Service Delivery Platform (ISP) Transport & Access Network (Local) Gulf AS@ Corporate Content DB Internet DB International Gateway

49. 49 Final thoughts Technical description has been submitted before HC-SDMA argued as a suitable technology for the MESA family. This presentation for background. Excellent capacity, user rates, wide area coverage; simple all-IP architecture. Pilot is being expanded in Belfast, another planned in Benelux – both emphasizing Public Sector usage Requires very little unpaired spectrum Chip sets and modules for terminals available soon Security audit imminent, plan CESG approval

50. 50 HC-SDMA User Data Network Elements and Protocol Stack