1. Labour market: EU versus Japan
Bebjaková Silvia
Guttmannová Lívia
Chupáčová Veronika
Szabóová Silvia
Valdner Martin

2. EU & Japan Population of 500 million less than 10%
of the world's population
BUT
EU and Japan comprise,
over 40% of its GDP.
Labour market: EU versus Japan

3. GDP per capita
GDP per capita
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Japan
26027
26632
27196
28016
29664
EU15
24885
25939
26995
27670
28741
Labour market: EU versus Japan

4. What are the starting points?
Labour force
Educational attainment
Gender gap
Job tenure
Labour market: EU versus Japan

5. Gender gap No equality Gender gap index(115 countries):
Nordic countries: BENCHMARK-rank 1
Japan: rank 79
Labour market: EU versus Japan

6. Job tenure The frequency of changing jobs: Europe is around 10.6 years
10.9 years in Japan
Labour market: EU versus Japan

7. Geographical mobility Cross-border workers Foreign language learning
Job-to-job mobility
Geographical mobility
Cross-border workers
Foreign language learning
Public attitudes to mobility
Labour market: EU versus Japan

8. Unemployment definition
Labour market: EU versus Japan

9. Unemployment comparison
Labour market: EU versus Japan

10. Unemployment in numbers
Labour market: EU versus Japan

11. Part-time workers
For both: number of part-time workers is increasing, majority create women
Nowadays: EU - 18% of workers, Japan – 24%
35% of employed women in EU, 40% in Japan
EU-big differences-Greece 4%, Netherlands 56%
Discussed in EU: labour market flexibility
Conclusion for both countries: employers have the same reasons, non-regular staff will continue to increase in the future
Labour market: EU versus Japan

12. Changes in the number and percentage of part-time workers in Japan
Labour market: EU versus Japan

13. Working hours Japan 1947-1988: 48hours/week, 1988-now: 40 hours
annualy1954 hours hours overtime
EU average 38,6 hours, varies from 35 to 40 hours
annually average 1740 hours + overtime info N/A
Labour market: EU versus Japan

14. Holidays
Labour market: EU versus Japan

15. Overtime + 8 days of holidays yearly leads to
Japan 20 days annual paid leave
EU average 26 days
CONSUMED:
Japan 8,5 days
EU nearly 26 days
Overtime + 8 days of holidays yearly leads to
K A R O S H I
Labour market: EU versus Japan

16. Inflow of foreign workers
Categories that gained the work permission in Japan in the year 2005
Labour market: EU versus Japan

17. Gross statutory minimum wages ($ per hour)
Labour market: EU versus Japan

18. Average tax rates for full-time workers at different wage levels (2005)
minimum
wage
average
Austria
32.7%
Italy
27.3%
Belgium
18.8%
41.9%
Japan
14.0%
18.5%
Czech Republic
19.3%
24.1%
Luxembourg
15.7%
Denmark
40.8%
Netherlands
23.8%
32.5%
Finland
31.3%
Poland
26.7%
31.9%
France
17.6%
29.0%
Portugal
11.0%
21.2%
Germany
42.5%
Slovak Republic
13.4%
22.1%
Greece
16.0%
23.7%
Spain
6.4%
20.2%
Hungary
13.5%
33.7%
Sweden
Ireland
3.8%
15.3%
United Kingdom
26.6%
Labour market: EU versus Japan

19. Relations Japan Slovakia Labour unions Consultation systems Shunto
Individual labour disputes
Slovakia
Confederation of Trade Unions
Labour market: EU versus Japan

20. Employment Measures for Older People
JAPAN
Securing Employment for Persons Up to Age 65
Assisting and Promoting the Reemployment of Middle-Aged and Older Workers
Promoting Diverse Work and Social Participation for the Elderly
Labour market: EU versus Japan

21. Employment Measures for Persons with Disabilities
Japan
Legally mandated quota:
Private corporations: 1.8%
Special government corporations: 2.1%
National and local public corporations: 2.1%
Designated school boards: 2.0%
Levies and grants
Slovakia
3.2% for those with 20 or more employees
3 possibilities
Labour market: EU versus Japan

22. Thank you for attention!
Labour market:
vs.
Thank you for attention!