1. Welcome to D esign a n d T echnology Lesson Term 1 Lesson 2 Situation – Design Problem using PIES & Design Brief A Quote to share: “No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it.” ~~ Albert Einstein

2. Lesson Objectives After the lesson, you should be able to: define PIES use PIES approach to identify problems and further elaborate on the problem write a design brief submit work using online design journal make use of everyday objects to generate innovative and quality ideas use models to test out the design ideas.

3. 2. Research 5.Realisation & Evaluation 1.Situation 3. Ideation 4. Chosen Idea Development Design Process(Method) Recap

4. Situation – Identify the problem Research – Apply to all stages Ideation – Generate Ideas to solve the problem Chosen Idea Development – Develop the chosen idea Realisation – Plan and make Evaluation – Evaluate the product Recap: Design Process

5. Our problems arise out of all kinds of situations. Designers will look at these problems and try to solve them. They need to observe people, investigate places and existing products relating to the design problems so that the final solution will be a success. mindmappingPIES approach The mindmapping, PIES approach, image board, brainstorming and are some ways to identify the people’s problems. Recap: Identify Problem

6. To begin designing a product, a designer may start to identify problems by putting down thoughts relating to a Design Theme. Your Theme:“3Rs” Reuse, Reduce and Recycle Recap: Identify Problem

7. Designers need to identify the needs of the target group of users in order to design a product to solve the problem or the need. People have different needs at different times and in different situations. We may make use of an approach called PIES to help us to identify needs. PIES stands for: Physical needs Intellectual needs Emotional needs Social needs Theme: “3Rs”

8. Physical (P) Physical needs are things that our bodies need. E.g.: food and water, exercise, sleep, protection from sun, etc. PIES Approach

9. Intellectual (I) Intellectual needs are things that stimulate us and help us learn. E.g.: books, magazines, Internet, television, theatre, games, etc. PIES Approach

10. Emotional (E) Emotional needs are things that make us feel happy, safe, wanted, and popular. It has to do with the way we feel and express ourselves. E.g.: home, parents, siblings, pets, soft toys, etc. PIES Approach

11. Social (S) Social needs involve interaction with other people. E.g.: doing things with friends, spending time with family, etc. PIES Approach

12. With reference to your mindmap created earlier based on the theme ‘3Rs’, using PIES approach, identify at least TWO design problems; take a picture relevant to each of the design problems identified; describe each problem in words. Your description should include the following:  who is/are involved in the problem  what are the details of the problem  why is this a problem. Task 1: Situation – Problems identification with PIES Approach

13. create a ‘New Post’ under the ‘Assignment’ page of your ODJ and name it as ‘Assignment 2: Design Problems and Design Brief’. Post your design problems (as Text) and their respective pictures (as Image) onto the new post.

14. As my granny (who) is a retiree, she stays at home most of the time. Hence, she watches the newscast daily to keep in touch with the outside world. However, she is short-sighted and needs her glasses in order to see clearly. Due to her age, she always forgets where she places her glasses after use. (what) As such, she wastes some of her time to look for her glasses whenever she wants to watch the newscast and misses the first part of the newscast. (why) Example

15. Task 2: Situation – Write a Design Brief After identify the design problem which you are going to solve, you must then write your Design Brief. Design Brief is a short and clear statement explaining what is needed/wanted for the problem. It should not include any preconceived idea or solution. Format Design and make [a product] for / to / so that [a purpose].

16. Task 2: Situation – Write a Design Brief Example: Design Problem: As my granny is a retiree, she stays at home most of the time. Hence, she watches the newscast daily to keep in touch with the outside world. However, she is short-sighted and needs her glasses in order to see clearly. Due to her age, she always forgets where she places her glasses after use. As such, she would miss the first part of the newscast as she has to spend some time to look for her glasses whenever she wants to watch the newscast. Design Brief: Design and make a spectacle holder for my granny to hold her spectacle when she is not using it so that she would not misplace her spectacle.

17. Task 2: Situation – Write a Design Brief Select one problem situation from those that you have identified in Task 1 and write a Design Brief for the problem situation. Post your Design Brief (as Text) under ‘Assignment 2’ and indicate the problem situation selected on your post. You may refer to http://onlinedesignjournal.weebly.com/assignment- 2.html http://onlinedesignjournal.weebly.com/assignment- 2.html for Assignment 2.