1. Ethics Papers 1 & 2 Revision
Making Revision Flash cards

2. Human Relationships Role and purpose of sex
Sex is a gift from God and natural
Sex should only be between 1 man and 1 woman
Sex should be within marriage
Commitments and responsibilities
Commitment – something you choose to do
Responsibility – something you ought to do
Religious believers – community
Guidelines – 10 Commandments
Roles of men and women
Men – superior or equal to women
Roles in the family
Roles in the Church
Contraception
Catholics – natural methods only as it stops potential conception
Other Christians – family planning important but only if both partners agree
Christian marriage ceremony
Church, bride and groom, vicar, guests
Vows, rings, signing marriage register
Hymns, prayers, Bible reading
Impediments, purpose of marriage
Is marriage out of date? Yes
Cohabitation – many prefer this
Society is changing – attitudes/beliefs
Marriage is expensive
Increase in divorce
Is marriage out of date? No
Many still choose to marry
Basis for family life
Sign of commitment
Traditional
Civil partnerships
Controversial for Christians – marriage is 1 man and 1 woman
Some believe teachings need to adapt to suit today’s society

3. Make a list of key terms for this Topic – put the key word at the top and then the meaning underneath or on the back – someone can then test you or you can test yourself.
Include:
Roles of men and women in the family
Roles of men and women in a Christian family
Roles of men and women in the Church family
Marriage and marriage ceremonies
Marriage ceremonies
The ways in which the ceremonies reflect and emphasise Christian teaching about marriage
Responses to civil partnerships
Divorce
Beliefs about the ethics of divorce
Beliefs about the ethics of re-marriage
Sexual relationships and contraception
Beliefs about sexual relationships
Beliefs about contraception

4. Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:
Why do some people believe men are superior to women?
Why do some people not believe in marriage?
Why do some people not approve of civil partnerships?
What do Christians believe about divorce?
What is the Christian attitude to sex before marriage?
What do Christians believe about the sanctity of marriage?
What do Christians believe about remarriage after divorce?
How do marriage ceremonies reflect Christian belief?
How important are the marriage vows?
You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:
Roles of men and women
Marriage and marriage ceremonies
Divorce and remarriage
Sexual relationships
Contraception

5. You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.
“It is the duty of every Christian to be married.”
“Divorce is always wrong.”
“Using contraception is going against the will of God.”
You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and include some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:
Wives, in the same way be submissive to your husbands. . . Husbands, in the same way be considerate as you live with your wives, and treat them with respect (1 Peter 3:1a,7a)
There is neither. . . male nor female. . . for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:28)
Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Neither the sexually immoral. . . nor homosexual offenders. . . (1 Corinthians 6:9)
Do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit. . . Therefore honour God with your body.( 1 Corinthians 6:19a,20b)
“So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.” (Genesis 1:27)

6. Key terms for the Religion and human relationships Topic:
adultery: sex between a married person and a person who is not their spouse
commitment: an engagement or obligation
contraception: use of artificial or natural methods to prevent conception
divorce: legal dissolution of a marriage
equality: treating people as equals regardless of gender, race or religious beliefs
lesbianism: same-sex relations between women
marriage: formal, legal union of two people
moral: accepted standards of behaviour
procreation: conceiving and having babies
sacrament: something which cannot be undone
sacred: holy, special
sentient being: a being able to sense pain and pleasure, e.g. a human being or animal

7. Media Forms of media Television Films Books, comics and magazines
Internet
Portrayal of Christianity in the media
Informative
Humorous
Disrespectful
For worship
Use of the media by Christianity
Evangelising
Information
To provide worship for people who cannot / do not go to church
Objections to portrayal of Christianity in the media
Representations of God against the Commandments
Inaccurate
Objections to the media
Portrayal of violence – may lead to violence
Portrayal of sex – degrades sex and people
Misrepresentation of Christian values
Freedom of speech
The right of people to express their opinions
Is this right absolute?
Does it matter if it offends other people?
Should it be limited?
Censorship
Should it be allowed?
Who makes decisions to censor?
Can it cause damage?
Christian teachings
Censorship and Freedom of Speech
Should there be any control over these?
Who should control it and why?
Dangers of censorship
Examples of censorship

8. Make a list of key terms for this Topic – put the key word at the top and then the meaning underneath or on the back – someone can then test you or you can test yourself.
Include:
Relationship with the media
The different forms of media
The influence of the media
Portrayal of Christianity in the media
Portrayal of important religious figures
Responses and attitudes towards films which focus on religious/philosophical messages
Responses and attitudes towards books and comics which focus on religious/philosophical messages
Use of the media
Using the media to represent Christianity
To educate both Christians and non-Christians
Censorship/freedom of speech
Concept of censorship and freedom of speech
Beliefs and attitudes towards the portrayal of violence and sex
Attitudes and responses to issues raised by freedom of speech

9. Key terms for the Religion and the media Topic:
censorship: preventing publication or broadcasting of something, usually because it might be offensive to others
condone: overlook or accept
degradation: humiliation
media (pl., singular is medium): the means of mass communication
stereotype: a fixed, over-simplified image or view of a person or group
watershed: the time after which programmes that are unsuitable for children are broadcast (9 p.m.)

10. Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:
Why do some Christians not approve of the media?
Why do some Christians believe that it is wrong to portray religious figures in the media?
How might Christians respond to the portrayal of religion in the media?
How might Christians use the media?
What is meant by censorship?
What is meant by free speech?
What do Christians believe about the portrayal of sex and violence in the media?
Why might some Christians choose to work for the media?
How might the media help Christianity?

11. You could make revision flashcards to show the different views
You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:
What is the media?
Influence of the media
Portrayal of Christianity in the media
Use of the media by Christianity
Censorship and freedom of speech
You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.
“Religious figures should never be portrayed in the media.”
“All censorship is wrong.”
“The media is a bad influence.”

12. You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and include some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:
Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for men. (Colossians 3:23)
That your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God?. . . honour God with your body. (1 Corinthians 6:19, 20a)

13. Medical Ethics Abortion Natural abortion – miscarriage
Procured abortion
Against God’s will
Foetus is a person
Woman’s right to choose
Fertility treatment
Playing God
Helping a married couple
AID is adultery
AIH not acceptable to Catholics
Could lead to cloning
Suicide
Only God can choose when someone dies
Insult to God
May harm others
Selfish or brave
Euthanasia
Peaceful death
End of suffering
Different types of euthanasia
Active euthanasia
Person wants to die
Unbearable pain and suffering
May help relatives
Opposed by the Church
Passive euthanasia
Person may be in PVS
No hope of recovery
May be the kindest thing
No need to use extraordinary means
Animals
Humans and animals are both God’s creation
Humans have dominion not domination
Do animals have souls?
Animals and medical research
Medical research may help cure diseases
Animal suffering kept to a minimum
Do humans have the right to do this?

14. Make a list of key terms for this Topic – put the key word at the top and then the meaning underneath or on the back – someone can then test you or you can test yourself.
Include:
Attitudes to abortion
Different attitudes towards abortion
Reasons for different attitudes
Attitudes to fertility treatment
Responses to issues raised by fertility treatment and cloning
Attitudes to euthanasia and suicide
Different attitudes towards euthanasia
Different attitudes towards suicide
Using animals in medical research
Beliefs about the use of animals in medical research

15. Key terms for the Religion and medical ethics Topic:
abortion: the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy
AID: Artificial Insemination by Donor, where a sperm donor other than the husband is used for a fertility treatment
AIH: Artificial Insemination by Husband, where the husband’s sperm is used for a fertility treatment
cloning: making identical copies of a living creature by cultivating DNA
denomination: strand of Christianity, such as Baptist, Anglican, etc.
euthanasia: killing a patient suffering from an incurable disease or who does not want to live but cannot kill themselves; illegal in most countries
IVF: In Vitro Fertilisation, where an egg is fertilised in laboratory conditions, then implanted in the womb
suicide: killing oneself
sacred: holy, special
sanctity: to be holy or sacred

16. Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:
What does Christianity teach about abortion?
Why do Christians have different opinions about abortion?
Why do Christians have different attitudes towards fertility treatment?
Why might Christians agree with AIH but not with AID?
How might Christians respond to cloning?
What do Christians believe about suicide?
Why do Christians have different opinions about euthanasia?
What do Christians believe about fertility treatment?
What do Christians believe about the use of animals in medical research?
How might Christians respond if their prayers are not answered?

17. You could make revision flashcards to show the different views
You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:
Abortion
Fertility treatment and cloning
Euthanasia
Suicide
Use of animals in medical research
You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.
“Animals can be used for research because they are less important than humans.”
“Abortion is always wrong.”
“People should have the right to die when they want to.”

18. You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and includes some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:
There is a time for everything, and a season for every activity under heaven: a time to be born and a time to die, a time to plant and a time to uproot. (Ecclesiastes 3:1–2)
For you created my inmost being: you knit me together in my mother’s womb. (Psalm 139:13)
From one man he made every nation of men that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he determined the times set for them and the exact places where they should live. (Acts 17:26)

19. Equality Equality Prejudice Discrimination Power
Race, religion, gender, age, disability
Racism
Discrimination usually based on colour
Christian teachings
Different Christian attitudes
Christian responses
Sexism
Discrimination based on gender
Other religions
Christianity is the only true faith
Other religions are wrong
Jesus’ teaching
Different Christian responses
Missionaries and evangelism
Duty of Christians to convert people
Church teachings
Missionaries
Changing role of missionaries
Ecumenism
One Church
Many denominations
Obstacles to ecumenism
Ecumenical activities
Forgiveness and Reconciliation 1
70x7
Sacrament of Reconciliation
God will forgive
Forgiveness and Reconciliation 2
Jesus’ death as reconciliation
Forgiveness from original sin
Need to repent
Is there any sin which cannot be forgiven?

20. Make a list of key terms for this Topic – put the key word at the top and then the meaning underneath or on the back – someone can then test you or you can test yourself.
Include:
Principle of equality
Biblical teaching about equality
Attitudes towards racism
Different views about prejudice and equality in relation to race
Practices in relation to racism
Attitudes towards gender
Different views about prejudice and equality in relation to gender
The role of women in Christian society
Attitudes towards other religions with reference to:
Missionary work
Evangelism
Ecumenism
Forgiveness and reconciliation
Beliefs about forgiveness
Impact of beliefs about forgiveness on believers
Beliefs about reconciliation
Impact of beliefs about reconciliation on believers

21. Key terms for the Religion and equality Topic:
discrimination: unjust or prejudicial treatment because of race, age or gender
ecumenical movement: people who work to improve understanding between Christian groups
equality: treating people as equals regardless of gender, race or religious beliefs
Eucharist: the Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Supper, in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumed
evangelism: persuading others to share your faith
interfaith dialogue: discussions and work to help understanding between different faiths
Noachide code: seven commandments given to Noah by G-d after the flood
ordination: the process by which individuals are consecrated, or set apart, as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies
prejudice: making judgments not based on reason or actual experience
proselytising: trying to convert people to ones own religion
racism: prejudice, discrimination or ill treatment against someone because of their race
reconciliation: restoring friendly relations
repentance: sincere regret or remorse from one’s actions
sexism: prejudice, stereotyping or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex

22. Use the key questions to try and make revision cards:
What does Christianity teach about equality?
Why do some Christians believe that not everyone is equal?
How might Christians respond to racism?
How might Christians respond to sexism?
What do Christians believe about other religions?
What do Christians believe about missionary work and evangelism?
Why do some Christians believe that ecumenism is very important?
What do Christians believe about reconciliation?
What do Christians believe about forgiveness?
You could make revision flashcards to show the different views. For example, on the following issues:
Principle of equality
Attitudes towards racism
Attitudes towards gender
Attitudes towards other religions
Forgiveness and reconciliation

23. You could create revision flashcards to show opposing sides of a debate. Take some of the statements used for evaluation questions such as the ones below, and create one flashcard with ideas that AGREE with the statement and one that DISAGREES with the statement. This will help you to learn the key arguments.
“Inequality is always wrong.”
“Christians must bring everyone to their faith.”
“All Christians should worship together.”

24. You could create revision flashcards which show the main teachings of Christianity and includes some teachings and quotes from Holy books. For example:
‘Love your neighbour as yourself’ (Luke 10:27b).
There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:28)
My brothers, as believers in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ, don’t show favouritism. (James 2:1)
Then Peter began to speak: ‘I now realise how true it is that God does not show favouritism but accepts men from every nation who fear him and do what is right.’ (Acts 10:34–35)
Then the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to go. When they saw him, they worshipped him; but some doubted. Then Jesus came to them and said, ‘All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.’ (Matthew 28:16–20a)
Jesus answered: ‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except by me.’ (John 14:6)
Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. (Luke 11:4a)