1. I N T E R V I E W I N G Principles and Practices Twelfth Edition
Charles J. Stewart
Purdue University
William B. Cash
Achievement Unlimited
National Louis University

2. An Introduction to Interviewing
Slide 2
CHAPTER
An Introduction to Interviewing 1
Chapter Summary
An Introduction to Interviewing
The Essential Elements of Interviews
A Relational Form of Communication
Electronic Interviews
Summary
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. © 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Slide 3
Introduction
Interviews share characteristics with intimate interactions, social conversations, small groups, and presentations, but are significantly different.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. © 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Slide 4
Introduction
Interviews share characteristics with intimate interactions, social conversations, small groups, and presentations, but are significantly different.
Interviews are distinguishable from other forms of interpersonal communication, and can be viewed as a relational form of communication.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 5
The Essential Elements of Interviews
The Five Elements of Interviews
Interactional
An interview is interactional because there is an exchanging, or sharing, of roles, responsibilities, feelings, beliefs, motives, and information.
Continued…
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 6
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Interactional
Roles may switch from moment to moment.
It takes two to make an interview a success.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 7
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Interactional
Roles may switch from moment to moment.
It takes two to make an interview a success.
Disclosure is essential in interviews.
All interviews involve risk.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 8
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Process
An interview is a complex, ever-changing process.
No interview occurs in a vacuum.
Once initiated, the interview is an ongoing process.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 9
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Parties
A dyadic process involves two parties.
If more than two parties are involved, a small group interaction may be occurring, but not an interview.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 10
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Purpose
All interviews have a degree of structure.
An interview is a conversation and much more.
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11. The Essential Elements of Interviews
Slide 11
The Essential Elements of Interviews
Questions
All interviews involve questions and answers.
Questions play multiple roles in interviews.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 12
A Relational Form of Communication
The concept of relationship is inherent in the definition of “interviewing”
Each interview contributes to a relational history
Interviews with no prior history may be difficult “precisely because we don’t know the rules and so we don’t know exactly how to coordinate our conversational moves.”
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 13
A Relational Form of Communication
Stereotypes often play significant negative roles in interactions between strangers, since the parties have exchanged little personal information.
Relationships change over time and during interactions.
The situation may alter a relationship.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 14
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 15
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
Similarity
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 16
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
Similarity
2. Inclusion/Involvement
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 17
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
Similarity
2. Inclusion/Involvement
3. Affection
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 18
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
Similarity
2. Inclusion/Involvement
3. Affection
4. Control
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 19
A Relational Form of Communication
Relational Dimensions
The five dimensions that determine the nature of our relationships in the interview process:
Similarity
2. Inclusion/Involvement
3. Affection
4. Control
5. Trust
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 20
A Relational Form of Communication
Global Relationships
Our social and work worlds have become global.
We must understand cultures to live and work in the 21st Century.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

21. A Relational Form of Communication
Slide 21
A Relational Form of Communication
Men and Women in Relationships
Men and women communicate differently.
Women use communication as a primary way of establishing relationships.
Men communicate “to exert control, preserve independence, and enhance status.”
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Electronic Interviews
Slide 22
Electronic Interviews
The Telephone
The telephone interview is convenient and inexpensive.
Interviewers and interviewees can talk to several people at one time, answer or clarify questions directly, and receive immediate feedback.
A major drawback with telephone interviews is the lack of “presence” of parties.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

23. Electronic Interviews
The Cellular Telephone
Cellular Telephones Have Created a Whole New World of Talking
Their Usage Has Created a New Concern for Privacy
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

24. Electronic Interviews
Videoconferencing
Eight of Ten Companies Use Them for Recruiting Interviews
Visual Cues Are Limited to Upper-Body Ones
Videoconference Interviews Provide Less Nonverbal Information
Interviewees Do Not Prefer Videoconference Interviews
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

25. Electronic Interviews
Slide 25
Electronic Interviews
The Internet
The internet lacks the nonverbal cues critical in interviews.
However, if both parties use the internet to interact in real time, it meets the definition of an interview.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

26. © 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Slide 26
Summary
Interviewing is an interactional communication between two parties, at least one of whom has a predetermined and serious purpose, that involves the asking and answering of questions.
We employ interviews to get and give information, to recruit, to assess performance, to persuade, to counsel, and receive help, and to provide quality healthcare.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.