1. 1 BIOENERGY 1. Session - Mapping of existing infrastructures Kai Sipilä VTT Processes, Finland Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy 1.6.2005 in Brussels, DG Research

2. 2 1. Drivers in Europe: - EU White Paper 6 --> 12 % Renewables - Bioenergy up to 130 Mtoe/a -> from where ? - Directives on RES-electricity, CHP and Biofuels - Landfill directive: urban and industrial waste 2. ERA Bioenergy in 2002 – key conclusions 3. EC New instruments in 6. FWP, e.g. - Bioenergy Network of Excellent (NoE) - IP`s: Chrisgas (syngas) and Renew (transport fuels thermochemical) - ERANET Bioenergy (6 member states) 4. Technology Platforms, e.g. - Biofuels for Transport - Forest Industry Platform 5. Other networks, e.g.- EUREC, (EREC, Eubia, Aebiom etc.) - IEA Bioenergy Agreement – 21 countries 6. Bioenergy RTDD priorities: fuel supply, biofuels, bioelectricity, biorefinery 7. Research Infrastructure criteria in general 8. Conclusions and input for the future steps

3. 3 Risk Novelty Research Implementation to industrial and Commercial Market Basic Research Aplied Research Industrial Projects To commercial operations THE INNOVATION CHAIN to be included to the European Research Infrastructures Demonstrations New innovations New RI´s

4. 4 RENEWABLE ENERGY PENETRATION EU15 IN 2010 020406080100120 Geothermal Wave Waste Biomass Solar Active Photovoltaics Hydro Wind Best Practice Present Policies Source :TERES II Mtoe Bioenergy in 1995 Bioenergy target for 2010 in EU ----------------> 2020 2010Biofuels for transport 6/8 % Forest industry wood demand in 2010 RES-E agrobiomass woody biomass 18 / 36 Mtoe ? Forest, agro and waste offer equal volumes !

5. 5 EU-25 Bioenergy RTD in 2002: total volume about 220 M€/a and 20 M€ EC funding (10 %) > 7 000 researcher > 150 RTD organisations > 150 RTD programmes Co-ordinated by Prof. Josef Spitzer, JR, AUT “ERA Actions should aim at: - Supporting transfer of existing knowledge and developed technologies to minimize “double work” - Organizing joint RTD initiatives on topics requiring further development”

6. BIO-ENERGY ENLARGED PERSPECTIVES Results (1) Existing knowledge and developed technologies –Liquid/gaseous biofuels: Ethanol from sugar/starch crops, biodiesel, biogas –Combustion of wood and wood residues: Medium and large scale boilers, steam cycle power production Modifications and optimizations may be needed –To account for local conditions –To improve operation and economy Source: ERA Bioenergy Final report

7. BIO-ENERGY ENLARGED PERSPECTIVES Results (2) Topics requiring further development –Feedstock production and pre-treatment Forestry residues, biogenic MSW fraction, short rotation crops Standardized solid fuels production and trade Systems studies on land use change and non-energy market competition –Conversion processes Advanced gasification for power and syngas production Ethanol from wood in “integrated production plants” Bio-oil from flash pyrolysis Adaptation of combustion engines and gas turbines for biofuels, e.g. for IGCC plants –End use integration Co-combustion of biofuels with fossil fuels Accounting models for Kyoto-related benefits Small scale combustion with automatic operation and emission control Fuel logistics and vehicle adaptation Concentrate on “high volume low cost” applications Source: ERA Bioenergy Final report

8. 8 NoE Bioenergy Euroopan kartta ja partnereiden liput New instrument: 8 partners Good European coverage Duration 5 years, 2004-08 Budget 8 M€ Mission: To establish a durable integrated European research structure to promote the introduction of successful bioenergy chains Jointly executed research to overcome the barriers to bioenergy C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A R C H W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? Brussels, 11-12 May 2004

9. 9 Consortium competence CHP, large scale systems, forest industry Climate issues, small scale applications Biogenic waste to energy Environment, socio- economics Agro- biomass Biofuels for transport Training, education, dissemination Land use change and biomass resources VTT, Finland Joanneum Research, Austria ECN, Netherlands INRA, France IIIEE, Sweden Aston University, UK EC BREC, Poland Forschungzentrum Karlsruhe, Germany Permanent Bioenergy R&D Centre C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A R C H W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? Brussels, 11-12 May 2004

10. Bioenergy NoE Interactions and SEA of Bioenergy NoE Joint activities: Master courses and PhD`s Seminars, Workshops Conferences NoE Web site News sharing New projects DG TREN (IEE): ThermalNet EUbioNetII IP`s IEA Bioenergy ERA-NET – Bioenergy IP`s Other networks Other projects National projects NoE DG RTD:

11. 11 Forest biomass in future also urban waste and straw Biofuel production Biofuels: pellets bio oils, SNG EtOH/MeOH SynDiesel Bark Wood residues Pulp & Paper Mill Wood handling Bark boiler Power Heat Power Steam Refinery Crude Oil BIOREFINERY IN FOREST INDUSTRY ? - benefit of raw material, polygeneration, large scale - BioPower Tax incentives, policies will prioritize business interest < 500 MWf < 300 MWf

12. 12 Forest residues based products, 15 €/MWh Raw material price - case: 300 MW fuel, ~250 M€ investment, 10 % Syngas/Fuels Forest BioRefinery Refinery-gate price for gasoline, diesel Refinery-gate price + diesel excise duty (FIN) Solid recovered fuels, 0 €/MWh ? Source: Paterson McKeough

13. 13 Source: Esa Kurkela

14. 14 Conclusions  Research Infrastructures is an interesting and important instrument for European Bioenergy RTD  EU Directives set challenging targets, additional instruments are needed  Key priorities:- fuel chain and logistics (forest, agro and biogenic waste) - transportation fuels production - new power production technologies - new integrated concepts like Biorefineries  Criteria for RI, e.g.- key priority areas in the 7. FWP RTD work plan - novelty, industrial commitment and convincing innovation chain - access to European RTD institutions and actors, existing RTD infrastructure investments significant - networking of the RI-investments, permanent bodies ?  The present new EC instruments, like NoE Bioenergy, IP`s, and the potential new Technology platforms can offer present activities and new ideas. Networks like EUREC, EREC etc. will also have visions and concrete proposals to be integrated to future brainstorming with the bioenergy RTD actors.

15. 15 Thank you !