1. IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
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2. Meaning and importance of education: Formal and nonformal
What is Education?
Education refers to the process through which skills, knowledge, and values are transmitted from the teachers to the learners.

3. Meaning and importance of education: Formal and nonformal
What is Education….
Education is a social institution that formally socialize members of society.

4. Meaning and importance of…
Formal and Nonformal Education
Formal Education
It is based in the classroom and provided by trained teaching and nonteaching personnel.
It has an approved curriculum, which include the course outline, the prescribed number of sessions, and authentic assessments and outputs.

5. Classifications of formal education
Elementary Education – Compulsory schooling from grade 1-6
Secondary Education – Four years of Junior high school and 2 years of Senior high school.

6. Classifications of formal education
3. Tertiary Education – Higher education offered in colleges and universities offering degree programs in two semesters per year. 4. Vocational Education – Occupational and technical education program offered in the duration of weeks with a maximum of two years

7. Classifications of formal education
5. Special Education (SPED) – Education program offered to individuals with differences, disabilities, and special needs.

8. Meaning and importance of…
Formal and Nonformal Education
Nonformal Education
It is an organized educational activity that takes place outside a formal setup.
It is usually flexible, learner-centered, contextualized, and uses a participatory approach.

9. Manifest and latent function of education (Functionalist VIEW)
Manifest Functions Education(the intended or primary outcome)
Agent of socialization
Transmission of culture, skills, and values
Enforce social control
Develop skills and talents for productive and responsible citizens

10. Manifest and latent function of education (Functionalist VIEW)
Latent Functions of Education(unintended outcome):
Venue for expanded network like friend, spouse, business partner etc.
Develop the ability of collaboration and interpersonal relation with people

11. Social inequalities of education (conflict VIEW):
Reinforcement of gender and class differences
Tracking – a formalized sorting system that identifies the tracks students belongs to. (Ex. Achievers vs low performers)
Credentials race (high grades perpetuate access to more expensive and quality education)

12. Goals and functions of education in the 21st century:
Descriptions
Reinforced by
Transmission of cultural heritage
Communication and honing of knowledge, language, science
Family
Selection of social roles and training in such roles
Provides new experiences and offers alternatives and a wider selection of roles
Religion

13. Goals and functions … Functions Descriptions Reinforced by
Integration and mainstreaming of subcultures and identities
Functions as a social control mechanism that bring disobedient members back to the fold
State/Government/Religion
Source of social and cultural innovations
A place where young people are enjoined to be creative with others
Peers/State/Family

14. Goals and functions …
Two Most Important Goals of Education:
Self-actualization – refers to the desire for self- fulfillment. (Maslow hierarchy of needs)
Productive citizenry – refers to idea that a citizen by him/herself must create the environment and opportunities to become productive which contributes to the betterment of the community.

15. Goals and functions …
Characteristics of Self-actualized People According to Maslow:
Acceptance and Realism
Problem-centering (problem solving for others)
Spontaneity (open and unconventional)
Autonomy and Solitude
Continued Freshness of Appreciation

16. Primary education as a human right
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that:
Everyone has the right to education
Education must be free at least in the primary level

17. Primary education as a human right
UNESCO Statement on Education:
Education is a fundamental human right and essential for the exercise of all other rights.
Promote and develop the right of every person to enjoy free access to education of good quality, without discrimination and exclusion.
Education is a tool to rise from poverty and become productive citizen

18. Primary education as a human right
Philippine View on Education:
“Education is a right, not a privilege”
Education is considered a right of a child and attendance to school is mandatory. (1987 Phil. Constitution)
All elementary schools (G1-G3) to move towards initial mother tongue-based instruction to overcome language barrier (DepEd Order 74 s ‘09)