2. What is machine?  A machine is a thing that is created by people to make work easier. It is a tool or invention which multiplies the effect of human effort. The machine produces a mechanical advantage.

3. What is mechanical advantage?

4. Types of Machine There are six types of simple machines.  T he inclined plane  The wedge  The screw jack  The lever  The wheel and axle  The pulley.

6. Wheel and Axle

7. Screw jack

8. Wedge

9. Inclined plane

10. Pulley

12. Lever

13. WHAT IS LEVER

14. Kinds of lever

16. Inclined Plane  Inclined plane, simple machine consisting of a sloping surface, used for raising heavy bodies. Example

17. Mechanical Advantage

18. Pulley  A pulley is a wheel that carries a flexible rope, cord, cable, chain, or belt on its rim.

19.  Kinds of pulley:  Moveable pulley A movable pulley is a pulley that is free to move up and down, and is attached to a ceiling or other object by two lengths of the same rope. There two kinds of pulley. 1.Fixed pulley 2.Moveable pulley  Fixed pulley A fixed pulley is different from a movable pulley because the wheel does not move.

20. Mechanical advantage of fixed pulley  In the single fixed pulley, only one rope segment pulls up on the load, so the ideal mechanical advantage is 1  In other words:  this type of pulley doesn't increase the force that is applied to it. However, it does change the direction of the force.

21. Mechanical advantage of moveable pulley  The mechanical advantage of a moveable pulley is 2.  In other words:  In moveable pulley, two rope segments pull up on the load, so the ideal mechanical advantage is 2. This type of pulley doesn't change the direction of the force applied to it, but it increases the force by a factor of 2

22. Screw Jack A screw jack is a simple machine. It is used to lift cars or heavy automobiles. It consists of a long screw rod which passes through a threaded block B and a handle

23. Mechanical Advantage of screw jack  The screw jack consists of two simple machines in series; the long operating handle serves as a lever whose output force turns the screw.... However, most screw jacks have large amounts of friction which increase the input force necessary, so the actual mechanical advantage is often only 30% to 50% of this figure.

24. Wheel and axel  The wheel and axle consists of a round disk, known as a wheel, with a rod through the center of it, known as the axle.... The wheel and axle both rotate at the same rate

25. Mechanical Advantage:  The ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a wheel and axle is the ratio of the radii. If the effort is applied to the large radius, the mechanical advantage is R/r which will be more than one; if the effort is applied to the small radius, the mechanical advantage is still R/r, but it will be less than 1.

26. The End