1. Open Sea Cage Farming Santosh Bhendekar Scientist Mumbai Research Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mumbai-400061

2. खुल्या समुद्रात पिंजरा मत्स्यशेतीची गरज Need of Open Sea Cage Farming Increased fishing pressure on capture fisheries Alternate livelihood for fishermen communities Limitation of land based aquaculture Easy to manage High production in short duration

3. खुल्या समुद्रात पिंजरा मत्स्यशेतीचे महत्व Importance of Cage Culture in India Large number of protected areas Feasibility of cluster farming Favorable environmental conditions for sustainable culture Effective use of natural resources Low investment Local demand and Export value Diversity of candidate species Low cost technology developed by CMFRI

4. खुल्या समुद्रात पिंजरा मत्स्यशेतीच्या गरजा Prerequisites for Cage Culture 1.Site Selection 2.Cage 3.Seed 4.Feed 5.Management 6.Harvesting 7.Marketing

5. जागेची निवड Site Selection Bays, lagoons, and inland seas - ideal sites for cage-culture, protected from strong winds and rough weather Important criteria to be considered in site selection are i.Water current ii.Depth iii.Dissolve oxygen iv.Salinity v.Temperature vi.Pollution

6. हाय डेंसिटी पॉलिइथिलीन (HDPE) पिंजरा ( किंमत : ५, ५०, ००० रू.) पिंजरे / Cages

7. पिंज-याची रचना Cage Frame - Design Details 6 meter dia cage 10 meter dia cage 12 meter diacage Cultivable Water Volume (m³)141 m³392 m³565 m³

8. गॅल्वनाइज्ड आयर्न (GI) पिंजरा ( किंमत : १, ००, ००० रू.)

9. सुधारित गॅल्वनाइज्ड आयर्न पिंजरा ( किंमत : ४०, ००० रू.) समुद्रातील पिंजरा

10. पिंज - यात संवर्धन करण्यास योग्य प्रजाती Seabass/ जिताडा / खाजरी Cobia सकला / मोडुसा Silver pompano/ अमेरिकन पापलेट Red Snapper/ चावरी तांब

11. पिंज - यात संवर्धन करण्यास योग्य प्रजाती करकरा हेकरू / गोबरा

12. पिंज-याची देखभाल / Cage maintenance Since the cage was installed in open sea so fouling was also a regular phenomenon. Cleaning of cage frame with knife and coir was carried out on daily basis. Checking of the outer and inner net was also carried out on daily basis to detect any defects in nets. In addition to this, checking of mooring system was carried out twice in a week.

13. Fouling of cage net Fouling of cage nets and other structures is common in farming. Nets get covered with bio-foulers. Fouling by molluscs, especially edible oysters and barnacles have to be checked. Algal mats and other periphytons can be removed by introduction of omnivorous grazers in cages. To avoid/ reduce fouling, net should be changed as and when required, which may vary from 2 to 4 weeks depending on the intensity of fouling. During oyster fouling, net exchange has to be done immediately after the seasonal spat fall. Herbivorous fish such as rabbit fish (Siganus spp.), pearl spots (Etroplus spp.) and scat (Scatophagus sp.) can be used to control biofoulers

14. Fouled net

15. पिंज-याच्या जाळीची अदलाबदल

16. भारतामधील पिंज-यातील मत्स्यसंवर्धन OPEN SEA CAGE CULTURE IN INDIA 1.Research and Developmental work to establish open sea cage farming was initiated in the country by CMFRI from 2007 onwards with the help of DAHDF, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 2.Initially HDPE cages of 6 meter and 15 meter diameter manufactured indigenously were used for the experiments. 3.The cost of the 6 meter cage was about Rs.4,00,000 and that of 15 meter was about Rs. 8,00,000. 4.Cage culture experiments were carried out at 14 different locations along both west and East coast of the country starting from Veraval in Gujarat to Balasore in Orissa. 5.The experiments resulted in varying levels of success at different locations in terms of the site, cage, species cultured and feed used.

17. 3: Regional Centres 7:Research Centres 15: Field Centres 1:KVK

18. 15 m dia open sea floating cage launched at Visakhapatnam (First version), 2007 6 m dia cages for open sea fish farming, 2008 Cost effective GI cage frame, 2009

19. Circular GI Cage, 2009; 6 m dia, for table size fish Rectangular GI Cage, 2009; 6 m x 6 m, for Seed rearing

20. Unit cost economics for cage farming of cobia (in a 6 m diameter GI cage)

22. Thank you