1. Birds and Mammals

2. Birds
Endothermic
Vertebrate
Feathers
Four chambered heart
Lays eggs.

3. Feathers Only birds have feathers
Most likely evolved from the scales of reptiles
Made of the same materials as fingernails
Types of feathers
Contour : give shape, help balance and steer during flight
Down: trap heat, usually next to skin

4. Types of Feathers
Contour
Down

5. Food and Body Temperature
Birds have no teeth
Uses a specialized bill to capture and handle food
Crop: storage of food
Gizzard: grinding of food (contains small rocks)
Endothermic, require a lot of food

7. Getting Oxygen Need lots of oxygen to help maintain energy level
System of air sacs that connects to lungs
Allow more oxygen from each breath to be utilized
Circulatory system
Four chambered heart, two loop system.

9. Flight
Air moves faster over the upper surface of the wing because of its shape.
The difference in pressure causes an upward force.
This force is called “lift”
It causes the bird’s wing to rise.
Types of flight: flapping, soaring, gliding

10. Why are birds important?
Food source
Feathers used for jackets/comforters
Disperse seeds
Disperse pollen
Eat rodents/insects

11. Mammals Endothermic Vertebrates Four chambered hearts
Skin with fur or hair
Young are fed milk produced by mother’s body.
Most are born alive

12. Fur and Hair Provide warmth Allows sensing of environment Defense
In colder environments, mammals usually have thicker fur
Allows sensing of environment
Example: cat’s whiskers
Defense
Example: rhinoceros’ horn, porcupine’s quills

13. Teeth Mammals have four types of teeth Incisors Canines
Premolars/bicuspids
Molars

14. Diversity of Mammals Based on how young develop Monotremes: lay eggs
Spiny anteater, platypus
Marsupials: Young develop in marsupium (pouch)
Kangaroo, opossum
Placentals: develop inside mother with a placenta
Bat (only flying mammal) , rodent, zebra, dolphin, YOU