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Cold War Intro.Vocab See Page 436 or dictionary

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1 Cold War Intro.Vocab See Page 436 or dictionary
Satellite nations Iron curtain Cold War Containment Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Berlin Airlift NATO 9. Collective security 10. Warsaw Pact HUAC McCarthyism Blacklist Conformity—doing what others do Inflation—high prices

2 Cold War: Issues and Images Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy,
Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush

3 U.S. Attitudes After the World Wars
WWI— WWII— Back to isolationism Roaring 20s Recognized USSR Women gained the vote and other rights League of Nations—rejected by U.S. Great Depression—30s Reluctant for treaties—no allies Avoided military conflict until Pearl Harbor Focus on foreign affairs Conservative 50s Cold War against USSR Women left the work place and went home for a baby boom United Nations—led by U.S. Prosperity with inflation Eager for treaties—alliance with Western Europe (NATO) On constant military alert—Korean War, Vietnam War

4 Film: The Cold War Write a fact for each topic
Containment Berlin Crisis NATO and Warsaw Pact Nuclear Arms Race Berlin Wall Fidel Castro and Cuba Domino Theory Détente From Détente to Evil Empire

5 Film: Post-War U.S.A.—write one fact for each topic
Post War Boom Fair Deal for Americans Crabgrass Frontier Cold War Cold War at Home McCarthyism: the Second Red Scare Civil Rights Movement The Wild Ones Post-war Legacy

6 Common experience of Cold War Presidents

7 U.S. Elections 1948: Truman (DEM) defeated Dewey
1952: Eisenhower (“Ike”—REPUB) defeated Stevenson 1956: Eisenhower won re-election (over Stevenson) 1960: Senator John Kennedy (DEM) defeated Vice-President Richard Nixon 1964: Vice-President Johnson (DEM) defeated Goldwater 1968: Vice-President Nixon (REPUB) defeated Vice-President Humphrey 1972: President Nixon won re-election (over McGovern) 1974: Vice-President Ford assumed presidency after Nixon’s resignation 1976: Governor Carter (DEM) defeated Ford 1980: Governor Reagan (REPUB) defeated President Carter 1984: President Reagan re-elected over VP Mondale 1988: Vice-President Bush (REPUB) defeated Governor Dukakis

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10 What do we do about Germany?

11 Berlin (located in East Germany)

12 The United Nations http://www.un.org/en/
Located in NYC—midtown Manhattan Current Secretary General is Ban Ki-Moon of South Korea Peace-keeping organization

13 Parts of the UN General Assembly:
5 delegates from each nation—one vote per nation 1. Secretary General Trusteeship Council Economic and Social Council International Court of Justice (15 justices)—meets in The Hague, Netherlands Security Council—5 permanent members (US, UK,France,China,Russia) and 10 rotating members

14 Evaluate efforts by global organizations to undermine U. S
Evaluate efforts by global organizations to undermine U.S. sovereignty through the use of treaties Consider the Iraq War in 2003 Consider Trump’s stance on NATO in 2016

15 Truman and Post War Tensions—Can he handle Stalin?

16 Competition of words, weapons, and influence
U.S.A. USSR Capitalism Democracy Influence in Western Europe Atomic weapons—1945 NATO (military alliance) Pro-Democratic influences over rest of world CIA Communism Dictatorship Influence in Eastern Europe Atomic Weapons—1949 Warsaw Pact (military alliance) Pro-Communist influences over rest of the world KGB

17 Other Ideological Differences
U.S.A. USSR “freedom of religion”—first amendment Separation of church and state First amendment “In God we trust” on currency “Under God” added to the pledge in 1950s “Religion is the opium of the masses.” –Karl Marx All religious practices were officially illegal Exception: could not be enforced in Poland Elevation of Karol Wojtyla was very embarrassing (Pope John Paul II who survived an assassination attempt and plot)

18 The Iron Curtain

19 Soviet Blockade led to the Berlin Airlift

20 The Marshall Plan--aid to Europe

21 Containment—keep communism from spreading

22 NATO

23 Map Activity Russia is considered landlocked because their access to warm water is limited Their ports ice over for most of the year This makes them more aggressive in the area near the Black Sea or Caspian Sea Eastern European satellite nations become Russian’s “buffer” from invasion from the West

24 Postwar Europe

25 Film: 1946-1952, The Best Years https://www. youtube. com/watch
GOOD—Security BAD--Fear List 10 examples G.I. Bill … List 10 examples Unemployment …

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27 The Rosenbergs

28 Nixon exposes Alger Hiss, a state department employee, as a communist spy

29 FYI Alger Hiss actually was in the group that accompanied FDR to Yalta!

30 McCarthyism—Red Scare HUAC: ‘‘Are you a member of the Communist Party

31 ‘‘When a great democracy is destroyed, it will not be because of enemies from without, but rather because of enemies from within.’’ Senator Joseph McCarthy,1950

32 “Have you no sense of decency, sir. ” Response to McCarthy by a U. S
“Have you no sense of decency, sir?” Response to McCarthy by a U.S. Army officer accused of communist sympathies

33 Edward R. Murrow WWII European war correspondent
Anchor on the CBS Evening News (radio and later TV) Publicly challenged McCarthy and was accused of communist sympathies Helped end the “Witch Hunt” investigations

34 The Venona Papers Confirmed existence of some spies working in the federal government Papers made public in 1995 under Freedom of Information Act

35 Early Cold Warriors Dean Acheson—Truman’s secretary of state (NATO)
George Marshall—Truman’s secretary of state and later secretary of defense George Kennan—U.S. diplomat in USSR (father of ‘‘containment’’) Allen Dulles—Ike’s head of CIA John Foster Dulles—Ike’s secretary of state Richard Nixon—Senator who exposed Alger Hiss (communist spy) and Ike’s vice-president

36 China became Communist in 1949—Red China

37 U.S. Recognized Taiwan as the True Democratic China

38 Chinese Communist Revolution
Mainland China (Communist) Leader: Mao Zedong Taiwan (Democratic) Leader: Chiang Kai-Shek

39 The Korean War (1950-53) UN Police Action North Korea vs. South Korea
Pyongyang vs. Seoul

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41 MacArthur Removed for Insubordination

42 Truman Doctrine Eisenhower Doctrine

43 Cold War Strategies Collective security Brinksmanship
Massive retaliation Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) Flexible Response Military Industrial Complex Deterrent CIA NORAD Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles Space race Detente

44 “Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired, signifies in the final sense a theft from those who hunger and are not fed…” President Dwight David Eisenhower

45 ‘‘ In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist.’’ President Eisenhower’s Farewell Address, 1961

46 ‘‘Duck and Cover!’’

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49 End of Part 1—Review Terms
Cold War Yalta Satellite Containment Iron Curtain Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine West Germany/East Germany West Berlin/East Berlin Berlin Airlift North Atlantic Treaty Organization Warsaw Pact Atomic Bombs Eisenhower United Nations Security Council Chiang Kai-Shek vs. Mao Zedong in China Taiwan Red Scare and HUAC Senator McCarthy Conformity Nixon and Alger Hiss Rosenbergs Korean War (police action) North Korea vs. South Korea Pyongyang vs. Seoul General MacArthur Communism

50 Sputnik—1957—Space Race

51

52 Sputnik: Cause and Effect
“This is our Sputnik moment.” “a technological Pearl Harbor” U.S. beginning a “space race” U.S. beginning NASA U.S. increasing requirements for math and science in schools

53 ‘‘Satellite’’ Eastern Europe Sputnik
A nation dominated politically and economically by another nation An object launched to orbit Earth

54 U2 Incident--1960

55 Domino Theory--countries will fall to communism (President Eisenhower)

56 JFK— ‘‘Ich bin ein Berliner’’

57 JFK--Berlin Wall--1961

58 Cuba became Communist in 1959—Castro was supported by The USSR
The Bay of Pigs Invasion was unsuccessful The U.S. promised not to invade Cuba

59 Cuban Missile Crisis

60 NASA

61 Cold War and The Arts Van Cliburn Bobby Fischer

62 Vietnam

63

64 Many Americans did not support fighting communism in Vietnam

65 President Johnson did not run for re-election in 1968—President Nixon began withdrawing troops in

66 War Powers Act

67 Nixon and Mao in China

68 Detente

69 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
Nixon and Ford--SALT I Carter—SALT II

70 Reagan and Gorbachev—START Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty

71 Bush and the Fall of the Wall

72 Soviet Leaders Lenin—1917-24 Stalin—1924-53 Malenkov—1953-55
Khruschev— Brezhnev— Andropov— Chernenko— Gorbachev— Yeltsin became president of Russia upon the break up of the USSR ( ) Current leader of Russia is Vladimir Putin

73 Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe

74 Cold War Favorites Books Movies Alas Babylon The Right Stuff
Joy Luck Club Pontiff Biography of Ethel Rosenberg War Games James Bond films 13 Days Good Night and Good Luck Blast from the Past Top Gun Rocky Movies Miracle *Monster films * Sci-fi films * “Film Noir”

75 End of Part 2—Review Terms
Domino theory Berlin Wall Sputnik Space race NASA President Kennedy vs. Khruschev Cuba and Castro Cuban Missile Crisis The Vietnam War President Johnson President Nixon Nixon’s visit to China Détente Nuclear weapons/arms race/arms limitations President Reagan President G.H.W.Bush Gorbachev

76 Domino theory Berlin Wall Sputnik Space race NASA President Kennedy Cuba and Castro Cuban Missile Crisis The Vietnam War President Johnson President Nixon Taiwan South Korea Khruschev Détente Iron Curtain Nuclear weapons/arms race/arms limitations President Reagan President G.H.W.Bush Gorbachev Mao Zedong Yalta Seoul Alger Hiss Cold War Satellite Containment Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine West Germany/East Germany West Berlin/East Berlin Berlin Airlift North Atlantic Treaty Organization Warsaw Pact Atomic Bombs Eisenhower United Nations Security Council Chiang Kai-Shek Red Scare Senator McCarthy Conformity Nixon Rosenbergs Korean War (police action) North Korea Pyongyang General MacArthur Communism HUAC

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