1. The Forms of Capital
Pierre Bourdieu

2. “The social world is accumulated history.”

3. Normative Belief in Life
Roulette  imaginary universe of perfect competition or perfect equality of opportunity Reality: heredity and acquired properties  accumulation

4. Reality of the World
Structure of the distribution of different types of capital represents the immanent structure of the social world  Set of advantages and constraints inscribed in the reality of life

5. Types of Capital Economic  money/property
Cultural capital  knowledge/educational credentials
Social capital  networks/connections

6. Cultural Capital
** notion of cultural capital made it possible to explain the unequal academic achievement of children from different social classes Norm  academic success/failure is an effect of natural aptitudes

7. Cultural Capital
** Academic ability/talent is itself the product of an investment of TIME and cultural capital ** Scholastic yield from education  cultural capital invested by family mobilized by Social Capital

8. Embodied State
** Accumulation of Cultural Capital starts at the outset only for families endowed with Cultural Capital Covers the entire period of socialization; specifically free from TIME from economic necessity; ** precondition for initial accumulation **External wealth converted into an integral part of the person  recognized as legitimate competence; as inherent in the person

9. Objectified State Material objects: Books Writings Paintings Art
** can be appropriated both symbolically or materially  obtain profits based on mastery of the object

10. Institutionalized State
Academic qualifications  certificate of competence ** Performative magic of the power of instituting  impose recognition Chance of profit offered specific to types  depend on scarcity and investment

11. Social Capital
Network of institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition:
membership in a group
provides members with collectively owned capital
credentials that entitles them to credit i.e. family name
size of the network s/he can mobilize and the volume of capital possessed by each
group as homogenous as possible
Reproduction  continuous series of exchanges in which recognition is offered and reoffered

12. Conversions Economic capital is at the root Transmitted by family
Ability to purchase time
Transmission of Cultural Capital
Delay entry into the work force
Prolonged schooling
Invisible in the process of status attainment

13. Entitlements
Birth determines transmission of entitlements  Institutional mechanisms control the official direct transmission of power and privilege

14. Unequal Childhoods: class, race and family life Annette Lareau
“The life of an individual cannot be adequately understood without references to the institutions within which his biography is enacted.” C. Wright Mills

15. Concerted Cultivation and Natural Growth
Invisible yet powerful ways that social class impacts children’s life experiences: Middle-class: discussions  developing talents  entitlement Working-class: clear boundaries  directives  constraint Influence on institutional experience

16. Class based meaningful child-rearing patterns
**Family life coheres to a form of cultural logic of child rearing **Shape the ways that children see themselves in relation to the social world Entitlement vs. Constraint

17. Schools as Middle-Class Institutions
Middle – class parenting  Result in a dominant set of cultural repertoires 
Talking with children: reasoning and negotiation rather than physical force
Developing their interests  children as “products”
Active role in schooling
**Lead to transmission of differential advantages

18. Social Structure and Daily Life
Concerted Cultivation  structured activities, language development, reasoning skills and intervention in the school
intense demands of parents, focus on individualism, exhausts children, argue/question/disparage parents
Natural Growth  “hang out,” play w/ relatives, clear directives, limited negotiation
**More autonomy

19. Conclusion
Common economic position  tied to differences in cultural logic of child rearing ** Unpack the mechanism through which social class conveys advantages in daily life; social class differences influence the pace and rhythm of daily life.