1. INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR AND PERCEPTION

2. INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR Means some concrete action by a person
The process of human behaviour is regarded as a stimulus-response process
Individual behaviour is affected by group, family and society within which one functions.

3. Factors affecting Individual behaviour
Personal Factors- Gender, age, education, abilities
Psychological Factors- Personality, Perception, Attitudes, Values, Learning
Environmental factors- Economic conditions, political situations, cultural values, social norms
Organizational factors- Physical facilities, organizational structure, organizational design, leadership styles, reward system

4. MEANING
People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself.
The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.
Perception
A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

5. Perception is the cognitive process
Perception is the cognitive process. In terms of S-O-B-C Model, perception is the cognitive process which involves the (O)organism selecting, organizing and interpreting the (S) Stimulus, Behavior(B), (C)consequences.
Thus, Perception is the process of selecting, organizing and interpreting or attaching meaning to the events happening in the environment.

7. External factors : Nature,
Selecting Stimuli
External factors : Nature,
Location,Size,contrast,
Movement,repetition,similarity
Internal factors : Learning,
needs,age,Interest,
Perceptual Process
Receiving Stimuli
(External & Internal)
Interpreting
Organizing
Response
Attitudes ,
Motivation,
Feeling
Behavior
Organizational Behavior / Perception

8. Factors influencing perception
A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.
Organizational Behavior / Perception

9. Factors That Influence Perception

10. Perceptual Errors/Shortcuts
Selective Perception
Is the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs.
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11. Stereotyping When we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he belongs. Projection Tendency to attribute one’s own characteristics to other people. Halo effect When we draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristics as intelligence, sociability or appearance a halo effect is operating.

12. Managerial and behavioural applications of perception
Selection of employees
Interpersonal working relationships
Performance appraisal
Delegation of authority
Organizational change