1. Jamestown, VA
Ch. 3, Sec. 4

2. Before there was Jamestown…
There was the colony at Roanoke
What was the leader’s name that left to return to England for supplies?
How long was he gone?
What did he discover upon his return?
What do historian’s believe happened to the “Lost Colony”?
Learn 360 video clip…

3. Reasons for English colonization in America
England was envious of Spain gaining riches thru American colonization
England hoped to find silver and gold in America.
American Settlements would furnish raw materials that could not be grown or obtained in England
Hoped to open new markets for trade.

4. Establishment of Jamestown Colony
King James I (England) granted the Virginia Company of London a charter
What is a charter? (page 88)
What did the royal charter give the company?
Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America in 1607.
Charter-legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
The royal charter gave the Virginia Co the right to settle lands between North Carolina & the Potomac River; guaranteed these citizens the same rights as English citiziens

5. Reasons for Site Choice:
The location could be easily defended from attack by sea (Spanish).
The water along the shore was deep enough for ships to dock.
They believed they had a good supply of fresh water.

6. In the Beginning…
Spring 1607, 105 colonists arrive to settle along the James River in Virginia
Why did they call their new home Jamestown? (page 89)
Summer 1608, Jamestown nears failure due to poor leadership and planning
Virginia Company was governed by 13 men that argued
Settlers wanted only to “dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold”…who said this???
Their hunger for gold outweighed their desire to plant and grow crops.
After King James I, King of England
Captain John Smith

7. Hardships Faced By The Settlers
The site they chose to live on was marshy and lacked safe drinking water.
The settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for themselves.
Many settlers died of starvation and disease.

8. Changes That Ensured Survival
The arrival of two supply ships
The forced work program and strong leadership of Captain John Smith
The emphasis on self-sustaining agriculture
John Smith helped set up stern rulesthat forced colonists to work if they wished to eat.

9. A profitable crop…
1612, colonists learned how to grow tobacco from the natives
1619, slave labor allowed the colonists to expand the tobacco industry
By 1620, England was importing more than ____ pounds of tobacco per year. (page 89, 8th paragraph)
Dutch ship arrived in 1619 and sold Africans to the Virginians
30,000 pounds per year

10. Captain John Smith initiated trading relationships with the Powhatans.
The Powhatans traded food, furs, and leather with the English in exchange for tools, pots, guns, and other goods.

11. The Powhatan people contributed to the survival of the Jamestown settlers in several ways.
Pocahontas, daughter of Chief Powhatan, believed the English and American Indians (First Americans) could live in harmony.
Pocahontas began a friendship with the colonists that helped them survive; married John Rolfe in 1614
The Powhatans introduced new crops to the English, including corn and tobacco.
John Rolfe was a tobacco planter
Peaceful relations ended when The Powhatan people realized the English settlement would continue to grow.

12. The arrival of women in 1619 made it possible for the settlers to establish families and a more permanent settlement at Jamestown.
Charged each man that found wife 150 pounds of tobacco
Read page 91 to find out how the Virginia Company profited from these new marriages…

13. System of Government
A representative government was established in Virginia in hopes of attracting new settlers
Define, representative government (pg. 90)
This new assembly was called The House of Burgesses
By 1670, Virginia would change its laws to limit the right to vote to free, white, male property owners
Representative govt: voters elect representatives to make laws for them

14. Virginia House of Burgesses
The Virginia House of Burgesses was the first elected legislative body in America that gave settlers the opportunity to control their own government.
It became the General Assembly of Virginia, which continues to this day.

15. The Pilgrims of Plymouth
Pages 93-97

16. Why the Pilgrims left England?
People that did not follow the Church of England were often persecuted for the beliefs.
Define “persecuted”
Page 94
Pilgrims were the 1st to settle North America in order to worship as they pleased
Mistreated or punished for their beliefs

17. Where did the Pilgrims go?
Early 1600s, a group of Pilgrims, called Separatists, left England for the Netherlands to escape this persecution
Why were the Pilgrims called Separatists?
They were welcomed by the Dutch and allowed to worship freely, however they feared losing their English heritage

18. Their journey continues
England granted a charter to set up a colony in Virginia
1620, 100+ men, women, and children boarded the Mayflower and landed in Massachusetts
The charter didn’t cover their new colony…what did they decide to do? (page 95)
Called this new settlement Plymouth

19. Mayflower Compact
Framework for governing the colony since not all aboard the Mayflower were Pilgrims
Laws were meant to unite and ensure the “Good of the Colony”
Like the Virginia Charter of Jamestown, the Compact set up a representative government

20. Early Hardships Built in an abandoned Native village
1st winter was harsh, killing nearly half the settlers
“Starving Time”
William Bradford was elected governor
Served 36 years
The natives had died from disease
Despite the harsh winter and loss of lives, the Pilgrims remained steadfast in their faith
The 1st governor died that winter, and William Bradford was elected to take over the reigns

21. Pilgrims Give Thanks
Pilgrims received help from neighboring Natives in the Spring
Who was Squanto? (page 97, 4th paragraph)
Pilgrims called Squanto “a special instrument from God.”
Pilgrims set aside a day that year, and each harvest season, to thank God for their blessings
This national holiday is still celebrated by Americans today: Thanksgiving
Squanto was a native that had been captured by John Smith and and lived for a time in England—he learned the language and could communicate with the Pilgrims
Squanto showed the Pilgrims how to plant corn, beans, and pumpkins; also taught them how to hunt eels