1. Do now: What is the Enlightenment?
Essential Question: To what extent were the principles of the Enlightenment put into practice in subsequent world history?
Do now: What is the Enlightenment?
(Age of Reason)
A time period that focused on the importance of the human mind and the power to reason in all areas of life (politics, science, religion, economics)

2. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
RENAISSANCE
1300’s-1500’s
REFORMATION
1500’s
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
1500’s-1600’s
ENLIGHTENMENT
1700’s
WHAT DO THESE TIME PERIODS HAVE IN COMMON?

3. CHANGE!!!

4. Pictures, phrases, and quotes should be used on your paper.
There will be seven (7) groups each receiving an important aspect or person of the Enlightenment period.
Group #1 – Thomas Hobbes
Group #2 – John Locke
Group #3 – Voltaire
Group #4 – Baron de Montesquieu
Group #5 – Jean Jacques Rousseau
Group #6- Adam Smith
Group #7 – Spread of Ideas (Salons, Mary Wollstonecraft, Dennis Diderot, William Wilberforce)
Each group should choose a person for each of the following jobs:
1. Leader
2. Reader
3. Artist
4. Presenter
All students in the group will record the information on their graphic organizers.
On a large sheet of paper, your group will create a symbol/symbols that represents the main ideas and key concepts of the specific aspect of the Enlightenment. For those who receive a philosopher, you must create a symbol that represents the philosopher’s main idea of government, making sure it applies to the ideas of the philosopher and his views of government and revolution.
Pictures, phrases, and quotes should be used on your paper.
Using the assigned reading, complete the portion of the chart that corresponds to your group’s assigned section. Be sure to record the most important facts related to your philosopher, such as the main ideas about government and its relationship to society. Also be sure to include the IMPACT that the person’s ideas have had on a particular nation (you may use the United States) or world history in general. You will write this on your board as part of your presentation.

5. Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Smith
Spread of Ideas
Stephanie
Kevin
Jonathan
Halle
Gabby
Julianna
Alex B.
Tommy
Dylan
Carley
Matthew
Taylor
Kieran
Alex F.
Ella
Anysia
Cydney
Kian
Mark
Chris

6. Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Smith
Spread of Ideas
Daniel
Marianne
Anthony
Alana
Gio
Erin
Carly
Gianna
Stephen
Lex
Reegan
Anna
Amanda
Brian
Sean
Kyle
Lucy
Kate
Sarah
Vincent
Tyler
Shannon
Brooke
Chris
Max

7. As you walk in, complete one of the following assignments:
Create a conversation between Thomas Hobbes and John Locke regarding their views on government. Make sure to include specific ideas OR
Draw three pictures representing John Locke, Montesquieu and Voltaire’s views of government and explain the meaning of each picture

8. THOMAS HOBBES

9. Absolute government
Men are greedy and selfish and need an absolute – all powerful ruler to keep them safe
Wrote the book Leviathan

10. JOHN LOCKE

11. All men are born with natural rights – life, liberty, and property
If government does not protect those natural rights, the people have a right to overthrow it and replace it with one that will
Promoted a limited monarchy/democracy

12. VOLTAIRE

13. Freedom of speech and religion
Believed in natural rights
Promoted a limited monarchy

14. BARON DE MONTESQUIEU

15. 3 branches of government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
System of checks and balances so no one branch gets too powerful
Promotes a limited monarchy/democracy

16. JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU

17. Promoted a limited monarchy/democracy
Wrote the book the Social Contract – believed that people were corrupted by society so they needed to form a pact with government to protect the interests of the people (general will of the people)

18. ADAM SMITH

19. Believed in laissez-faire economics – the government should not interfere with the running of the economy
People should have a say in the economy and it should be based on supply and demand (capitalism)

20. SALONS

21. SALONS
Social gatherings where writers and philosophers exchanged and spread ideas and discussed arts, science, literature and philosophy
Only the most well-read and intelligent people were involved
Wealthy noblewomen hosted these salons

22. MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT

23. MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT
Wrote Vindication of Rights of Women calling for equal education for girls and boys to be able to participate equally in politics

24. DENIS DIDEROT

25. DENIS DIDEROT
Wrote The Encyclopedia with writings of Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau
Helped spread Enlightenment ideas out of France to other parts of Europe and to the Americas

26. WILLIAM WILBERFORCE
Advocated abolition of slavery

27. WILLIAM WILBERFORCE

28. IMPACT OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Influenced Paine to write Common Sense calling on the U.S. colonists to revolt from British rule
Influenced the American and French Revolutions and Latin American independent movements
Influenced the creation of the U.S. Bill of Rights and constitution and French constitution
Influenced the abolition of the slave trade in the early 1800’s

29. ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS (absolute monarchs who ruled by enlightened principles)
FREDERICK THE GREAT OF PRUSSIA - practiced religious tolerance, outlawed torture, and created a fair law code
CATHERINE THE GREAT OF RUSSIA – created a more just legal system, prohibited torture and religious persecution
MARIA THERESA and JOSEPH II OF HAPSBURG AUSTRIA – abolished serfdom, reformed the tax system, gave middle class citizens more say in government, ended censorship, practiced religious tolerance

30. As you walk in, please turn to page 7 – read the conversation and answer the questions.

31. What is the Enlightenment? Why did it begin?
What was John’s Locke’s main idea? What type of government did he promote?
What was Montesquieu’s main idea?
What type of government did Hobbes promote?
What was the main ideas of Voltaire?
What is Rousseau’s main ideas?
What is Adam smith known for?
How did Enlightenment ideas spread?

32. Do Now: What does revolution mean
Do Now: What does revolution mean? What may cause people to start a political revolution?
REVOLUTION = CHANGE

33. STEPS OF A REVOLUTION FIRST STAGE
Strains appear in the existing order,
Making it ripe for a revolution. As the
revolution begins, moderate reformers
take over.

34. SECOND STAGE Moderate attempts at comprise fail.
Radicals take over and the revolution
grows more violent. Often civil war and
conflicts with neighboring nations
occur.

35. THIRD STAGE
The radicals are replaced by the
moderates, who may be replaced by
a return to the old order, with some
concessions made to reform.