1. Reality Therapy Ultimately I must deal with the world as it is…not as I wish it to be.

2. Reality Therapy William Glasser 1925-

3. Reality Therapy William Glasser, M.D. is a Jewish American psychiatrists bone in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1925. Developer of Reality Therapy and Choice Theory. His ideas, which focus on personal choice, personal responsibility and personal transformation, are considered controversial by mainstream psychiatrists, who focus instead on classifying psychiatric syndromes, and who often prescribe psychotropic medications to treat mental disorders. Glasser is also notable for applying his theories to broader social issues, such as education, management, and marriage, to name a few. Glasser notably deviates from conventional psychiatrists by warning the general public about the potential detriments caused by the profession of psychiatry in its traditional form because of the common goal to diagnose a patient with a mental illness and prescribe medications to treat the particular illness when, in fact, the patient may simply be acting out of unhappiness, not a brain disorder. Glasser advocated the consideration of mental health as a public health issue.

4. Reality Therapy Principle Emphasis To help clients make more responsible choices in their lives and to become more responsible in their own behavior.

5. Reality Therapy Its success caused it to be widely adopted in schools, agencies, parenting, management and virtually every form of human interaction.

6. Reality Therapy Reality is based on a system of brain functioning known as control theory or control system theory. Source of human behavior is not past conflicts, external stimuli, or rational thinking. Human behavior is an attempt to fulfill current human needs for belonging, power and achievement, fun or enjoyment, freedom or independence and survival. Through Reality Therapy a client learns to see life as a series of choices and gradually learns to recognize and choose the most effective options leading toward a goal.

7. When It's Used The principles of reality therapy can be applied to individual, parent-child, and family counseling. Studies have proven the effectiveness of reality therapy in treating addiction and other behavioral problems. It is also an approach that works with people in leadership positions in education, coaching, administration, and management, where problem solving, instilling motivation, and a focus on achievement play essential roles in their connection to others.counselingaddictionleadershipeducationcoachingmotivation

8. What to Expect Reality therapy focuses on present issues and current behavior as they affect you now and will affect your future. Since reality therapy is solution-oriented, you will examine how your behavior is interfering with your ability to form stronger relationships and figure out what kind of changes you can make in your behavior to get what you want out of life. You can learn how to reconnect with people from whom you have become disconnected and how to make new connections. If you try to make excuses or blame someone else for your behavior, the therapist will show you how that kind of thinking results in behavior that prevents you from improving relationships and reaching your goals.

9. 1. Human beings are born with five needs: a. Belonging b. Power (competence, achievement, recognition, self-esteem, etc.) c. Fun or enjoyment d. Freedom/independence (autonomy) e. Survival Major Components of Control Theory 2. The difference between what a person wants and what he/she is getting is the immediate source of specific behavior at any point in time.

10. How It Works Based on the work of psychiatrist William Glaser in the mid-1960s, reality therapy is founded on the idea that everyone is seeking to fulfill five basic needs, and mental health issues arise when any of these needs are not being met. The five basic needs are: 1) Power, or a sense of self-worth and achievementself-worth 2) Love and belonging, or being part of a family or community of loved ones 3) Freedom, or independence 4) Fun, which includes a sense of satisfaction or pleasure 5) Survival, or the comfort of knowing that one’s basic needs—food, shelter, and sex—are met.sex

11. 3. All human behaviors are composed of doing, thinking, feeling, and physiology. Major Components of Control Theory 4. Human behavior, originating from within, means that humans are ultimately responsible for their own behavior. 5. Human beings see the world through a perceptual system that functions as a set of lenses.

12. Major Constructs of Reality Therapy

13. People are responsible for their own behavior (determines own choice) People can change and live more effective People generate behavior and make choices for a purpose 5 Innate Human Needs (survival, belonging or love, achievement or power, freedom or independence, fun or enjoyment)

14. Major Constructs (cont.) Acting is the behavior we can control the most To change what we are feeling emotionally, or physically, we MUST change what we are doing. If you can not change what you are doing, CHANGE what you are Thinking.

15. Example You have been frustrated most of the day So you are feeling? ANGRY thinking? I Hate my Job! physiologically? TENSE acting? COMPLAINING

16. Example -Let’s change the acting component- Take a brisk walk. WHAT WILL MOST LIKELY HAPPEN?

17. Goals of Reality Therapy Help the client to fulfill their needs which will ultimately make the client select better choices that will lead them in the direction of taking effective control of their lives - Self-Empowerment

18. Techniques W= define and clarify their WANTS D= Centers on feelings, effective or ineffective, self talk & especially actions/DOING E= searching & self EVALUATION P= Using the self evaluation to develop an attainable PLAN for improvement (SAMIC 3 ) D Direction & Doing E Evaluation P Planning & Commitment W Exploring WANTS, needs & perceptions

19. Procedures that Lead to Change 1.Help people realize all behavior is a choice 2. Help person clarify his or her Quality World in this specific situation 3. What are you currently doing to get it? 4. Is what you are doing helping you get what you want (now or in the long run) 5. Would you like to try something different?

20. Procedures that Lead to Change 6.Make a plan SAMIC 3 7. Get a commitment -I’ll try, I will do my best 8. Follow up. Never Give Up!! Persistence is Crucial

21. The procedures or direct interventions can be expressed by the abbreviation W-D-E-P W : Explanation of clients wants, goals, perceptions, and commitment to change. D : Doing or total behavior, which consist of actions, thinking, and feelings. E : inner evaluation by the client. Evaluate current behavior to determine effectiveness toward achieving goals and helping them fulfill wants and desires. Evaluation of attainability and appropriateness of wants. P : Plans are formulated to achieve the desired goals and wants.

22. Reality Therapy Originally it was based on an eight step process but has evolved into two major components. a. a friendly, firm, and trusting environment b. a series of procedures that lead to change

23. Reality Therapy Therapist Attending Skills: AB-CDEFG Always be courteous Always be determined Always be enthusiastic Always be firm Always be genuine

24. Reality Therapy Techniques a. suspend judgment b. do the unexpected c. use humor d. be yourself e. share yourself

25. Reality Therapy Techniques f. listen to metaphors 1. "I feel like a floor mat." 2. "Cleaning my desk is like climbing Everest." 3. "It sounds like warfare in your house." 4. "I don't know if I'm going up or down." 5. "Our relationship has gone sour."

26. Reality Therapy Techniques g. listen for themes h. summarize and focus I. allow or impose consequences j. allow silence k. be ethical l. be redundant or repetitious m. create suspense and anticipation n. establish boundaries