1. The Progressive Era

2. I. Government and Legislative Reform
Restructuring Government
New forms of city government
City government changed to prevent “machine” rule
Developed city management plans
Changes in state government
Direct primary – voters not party bosses choose candidates for general election
17th Amendment – direct election of Senators
Initiative – citizens able to introduce legislation
Referendum – proposed legislation submitted to voters for approval
Recall – allowed voters to remove an elected official from office by holding a special election

3. Consumer Protection
City officials established building codes
Pure Food and Drug Act established the Food and Drug Administration to protect consumers from unsafe medicines and meats

4. Labor Reform
Worker compensation laws passed in most states by 1916.
Minimum age requirement of child worker’s set.
Mueller v. Oregon (1908) limited women’s working hours

5. Moral Reform
Anti-Saloon League (1893) intensified the long-standing campaign against drunkenness and its cost to society. Joined Women’s Temperance Union
18th Amendment – outlawed sale, manufacturing, and transportation of liquor
Prohibition