1. Forging the National Economy 1790-1860
Chapter 14 P

2. Westward Movement of Center of Population 1790-1990

3. Ralph Waldo Emerson

10. Population Increase Including Slaves and Indians 1790-1860

11. German Immigrants
Lutheran churches

16. Cotton Gin Cotton gin used a series of rollers and combs to remove
the cotton seeds from cotton flowers.
Considered one of the 50 most influential inventions in history.

17. The invention of the Cotton Gin in 1793 increased the demand for slavery in the U.S. as cotton became more profitable.

18. As cotton became profitable, cotton planting increased and slavery was brought to the deep south (AL, MS, LA)

19. Southern Cotton Production 1820 v. 1860

20. Eli Whitney invented both the
Cotton gin and the
Use of interchangeable parts in
firearms

21. Woman using a Singer Sewing Machine
The Singer sewing machine would quickly become popular in the U.S. and abroad. This represents a shift to the U.S. becoming an exporter of manufactured products and machinery.

22. Communication Revolution Began in 1844
Samuel Morse is credited with perfecting the
telegraph and the universal Morse code.

23. John Deere Steel plow
The steel plow turned many westerners into commercial farmers.

24. The McCormick Reaper
Invented in 1831 and patented in 1834 it made the American midwest the breadbasket of the country and eventually the world.

25. The Erie Canal
Roads were too expensive for transporting large shipments of agricultural products to urban markets and manufactured products to rural markets.

28. Erie Canal and Main Branches

29. Principal Canals in 1840

30. Lancaster Turnpike Known today as Route 30
Considered the first turnpike in the U.S.
Connected Philadelphia to Lancaster

31. Cumberland (National) Road and Main Connections

32. The National Road Also shown on this map is Wilderness Road
Daniel Boone discovered this Indian Path in 1769.
In 1775 he had foresters build a path so that Pioneer families could begin to settle into the West

33. Robert Fulton’s Clermont
Immediately following this demonstration, Robert Fulton, with his partner Robert R. Livingston, started commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River between New York City and Albany.

34. B & O Railroad
The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) is one of the oldest railroads in the United States, with an original line from the port of Baltimore, Maryland west to the Ohio River at Wheeling, West Virginia and Parkersburg, West Virginia.

35. The Railroad Revolution

36. Pullman’s Palace Car Company

37. Lowell girls weaving

38. Lowell Mill Girls
Young women seeking “independence” before marriage.

39. Lowell, Massachusetts A Company Town

40. Image from Godey’s Lady’s Book
Glorifying the Cult of Domesticity

45. Main Routes West Before the Civil War

46. Western Trails