1. Dominant philosophy in China
Confucianism
Dominant philosophy in China

2. Confucianism Founder: Confucius
Philosophy based on human relationships & man is good.
Analects book of teachings

3. Basic Principle/Beliefs
Five human relationships
Each person has a specific role in society & duties to fulfill. If you know what is expected, you will behave correctly.

4. Five Human Relationships
Ruler
Father
Husband
Older Brother
Subject
Wife
Son
Younger Brother
Friend
Friend

5. All involve the authority of one person over another
Superiors
Males, elders, higher status/wealth (boss)
Inferiors
Females, youth, lower status
Friends are the only equal relationship

6. Effects on culture: Han dynasty was based on Confucianism
Everyone is required to show respect, loyalty and obedience to superiors
Each superior owes a responsibility to the inferior.
Be good role models, work hard, become educated and provide care

7. Role of the Family Filial Piety – showing respect/duty to parents.
(the most important virtue)
Family educates a child to be a good member of society.
Virtues: loyalty, righteousness, humanity, and proper conduct were stressed.

8. Role of the Government (State)
The state was an extension of the family.
People were to be loyal to the emperor just like an elder in the family.

9. Ruler had to set a good example
1. Only the wisest men should rule
Emperors were well educated
To earn a gov’t position required to pass a civil service exam based on Confucianism.
Most qualified person got the job.

10. 2. A good example would transform people – make them better.
3. If the emperor was not a good role model, heaven would cause the world to suffer.
Natural disasters, invasions, revolts, etc
Confucianism supports the mandate of heaven