1. Early People (Chapter Two)
Hunters and Gatherers
(Lesson One)

2. Living and Working Together
Most early people lived in bands with around 30 people.
Why do you think early people lived in bands?
Early people spent much of their time searching for food (edible plants and animals)
How much time do you spend searching for the food?
Early men hunted large animals like woolly rhinos, giant oxen, and mammoths

3. Living and Working Together (Continued)
Early people would use all parts of the animal they killed (meat for food, skin for clothing and shelter, and bones for tools)
They also made tools of stone or wood
What are the tools we use today made of?
Early people never had permanent homes-they had to follow the migrating animals

4. Early People on the Move
What enables people today to live in one place?
As bands grew in number they had to acquire more food
To find an antiquate food supply they had to expand their hunting lands
Over a long period of time these increased migrations populated the earth
During the last Ice Age early people entered North America by coming over the Bering Land Bridge (as they followed the migrating animals

5. Early Cultures and Society
As bands spread throughout the world they began to create their own way of doing things
What would happen if this class was separated from the rest of the world for fifty years? Would we develop our own way of doing things? Would the world outside change?
Different clans wore different types of clothing, spoke different languages, ate different foods, developed different beliefs, and created different forms of entertainment
In large bands people began to specialize in their work or did the jobs they were good at

6. Herders and Farmers Pastoral societies Farming societies
People began producing their own food about 10,000 years ago
Sheep, goats, and pigs were likely the first domesticated animals
Nomads would move with their domesticated animals to find grazing lands
Nomads did not live in permanent settlements
Women may have been the 1st to domesticate plants
Barley and wheat were likely the 1st plants grown
People no longer moved from place to place
New forms of technology were created and people used animals to assist in farming (oxen pulling a plow)

7. Effects of Farming Positive Negative
People no longer had to follow migrating animals
People had a constant food supply
Complex societies developed
New forms of technology were created
People had to produce food for their livestock
If crops failed or livestock became sick, people could starve
The first wars were fought over farmland

8. Early Settlements and Cities
Jericho:
Was built near an oasis
By 8,000 B.C. it was an important trading center
Located in south west Asia
A wall was built around the city to protect its people and water supply

9. Catal Huyuk Located in south central Turkey Founded around 7,000 B.C.
As many as 6,000 people lived there
People lived in mud housed that were entered from the roof
The people living in Catal Huyuk had a short life expectancy

10. Ur Built along the banks of the Euphrates river and the Persian Gulf
Was established before 3,000 B.C.
People had specialized jobs
Had established laws, customs, religion, and jobs
People lived rectangular homes

11. The Ice Mummy Found in the Italian Alps Was over 5,300 years old
May have been a leader (tattoos, copper axe, and advanced age)
Had an arrow stuck in his back
Artifacts found with him were: copper axe, mushrooms, clothing, bow, arrows, dagger, wood box (coals)