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Main Developments in American History
Chapter 2: The New World Main Developments in American History
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Settlement to the Civil War (pp. 78-87)
A Peopling America B Revolution and Democracy C Expansion and Conflict D The Civil War and Aftermath
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A.1 Peopling America – The First Americans
First Native Americans from Asia About five million by 1600 Lands lost to European colonists Native Americans continue to be part of America
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A.2 Peopling America – The Colonists
First English settlement in Jamestown, 1609 Cotton and tobacco basic crops and source of wealth Puritan colony established in Massachusetts in 1620 Mission to create a New Jerusalem in a New World
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B.1 Revolution and Democracy – Revolution
North American wars with France won in 1763 Conflict with British government over westward expansion Revolutionary War fought and won, United States given territories west to the Mississippi River
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B.2 Revolution and Democracy – The Government
Articles of Confederation too weak Constitution drawn up in 1787 – still in effect Limited democracy established Native Americans and blacks given no rights
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C.1 Expansion and Conflict – Manifest Destiny
The frontier moves ever westwards Manifest Destiny – growth from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean Mass immigration from Europe fueled expansion Native Americans forced on to reservations
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C.2 Expansion and Conflict – Slavery
Slavery recognized by the Constitution Gradually died out in the North, but expanded in the South Conflict between free states and slave states Compromises of 1820s and 1850s avoid war
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D.1 The Civil War and Aftermath – The War
Control of western territories the basic issue Election of Abraham Lincoln triggers start of Civil War, 1861 The South gradually worn down by the North’s superior resources 600,000 died in the conflict
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D.2 The Civil War and Aftermath – The Peace
Northern troops occupy the South and help blacks Northern troops withdrawn in 1877, abandoning blacks Southern governments establish segregation of blacks and whites The agricultural South, dependent on the North, turns inwards
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