1. SATYASPEAK
BROADBAND INDIA FORUM
World Wi-Fi Day Presentation 20th June 2019, New Delhi
Bridging the Digital Access Deficit through Wi-Fi – An Implementable Business Model
SATYA N. GUPTA
Co-Chair – Rural Digital Initiative & Infrastructure Committees, BIF
Chairman - BLUETOWN, India & BIMSTEC

2. Wi-Fi & its Game Changing role in India – Enabling “Broadband for All”
National Digital Communications Policy (NDCP-2018)
GOALS 2020
STRATEGIES
Provide Universal broadband coverage at 50 Mbps to every citizen
Provide 1 Gbps connectivity to all Gram Panchayats of India by 2020 and 10 Gbps by 2022
Enable 100 Mbps broadband on demand to all key development institutions; including all educational institutions
Enable fixed line broadband access to 50% of households
Achieve ‘unique mobile subscriber density’ of 55 by 2020 and 65 by 2022
Enable deployment of public Wi-Fi Hotspots; to reach 5 million by and 10 million by 2022 (Currently only 375K)
Ensure connectivity to all uncovered areas (Broadband for All on Demand)
Establishing a ‘National Broadband Mission – Rashtriya Broadband Abhiyan’ to secure Universal Broadband Access
Implementation of the following broadband initiatives, to be funded through USOF and Public Private Partnerships:
BharatNet – Providing 1 Gbps Gram Panchayats upgradeable to 10 Gbps
GramNet – Connecting all key rural development institutions with 10 Mbps upgradeable to 100 Mbps
NagarNet – Establishing 1 Million public Wi-Fi Hotspots in urban areas
JanWiFi – Establishing 2 Million Wi-Fi Hotspots in rural areas
Implementing a ‘Fibre First Initiative’ to take fibre to the home, to enterprises and to key development institutions in Tier I, II and III towns and to rural clusters:
Facilitating Fibre-to-the-tower programme to enable fiberisation of at least 60% base stations thereby accelerating migration to 4G/5G/Wi-Fi

3. The FCC Chairman Mr. Ajit Pai recently quoted –
International endorsement for NDCP vision of JanWi-Fi creating 2 Million Rural Wi-Fi Hotspots
The FCC Chairman Mr. Ajit Pai recently quoted –
"I commend Prime Minister Modi and the Indian government for their ambitious goals of universal Internet access by 2022 and fixed broadband access to 50 per cent of households by 2022,”
"To meet these targets, they're pursuing bold strategies such as installing two million public Wi-Fi hotspots in rural areas and redesigning and expanding the Universal Service Obligation Fund,”
"As is the case in parts of Assam, Uttarakhand, and Karnataka, we have communities in Alaska, Utah, and Kansas that don't have access,"

4. Layered Approach for Spectrum Allocation – Exponential Efficiency Gain for Unlicensed Usage
, AUCTIONED 4 4

5. Unlicensed Band for Wi-Fi usage in India
In India the following bands are unlicensed for Low Power Communication usage with some restrictions:
MHz;
MHz,
MHz;
MHz;
MHz
The move is to push setting up of Wi-Fi services in the country and complement development of 5G ecosystem in Rural Areas.
Now, in total 690 MHz is unlicensed to be used for Wi-Fi or other innovative technologies.

6. Why Wifi?-Bridging ‘Digital Access Deficit’ Efficiently
Ubiquitous – Each smart device (including Mobile Phones) is Wi-Fi enabled.
Uses unlicensed spectrum (ISM Band) which is free (690 MHz in 2.4GHz and 5GHz Band).
All IP Technology which is very efficient and future proof which is based on open and ever evolving standards of IEEE (802.11x).
Plug-n-Play ecosystem.
Low Power consuming and Low Cost – overall infra cost about 10% of licensed mobile infrastructure.
Potential to conserve scarce licensed spectrum through Mobile Data Offload (MDO), Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC).
NINENP (Non- Interfering, Non-Exclusive, Non-Protected) – Free for All.
Current Hotspots in India – 3.75 Lakhs (mushrooming everywhere).
Potential to deliver 4G and 5G type services through upgradation (802.11ac - Wave2, ax – Wi-Fi 6)
Ideal futuristic platform for IoT, M2M and E-health, E-farming, E-education.
Wi-Fi to become a part of the 5G ecosystem through Release 16 & 17 of 3GPP IMT Standardisation process.

7. Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) – A Killer Wi-Fi Application to Reduce Call Drops
FMC is convergence of access for telephony wherein as per the convenience of the users and mobile call can be delivered on fixed phone or can be terminated through Fixed/ Wi-Fi Access Network on mobile phone.
Main motivation for this is :-
Spectrum shortage leading to congestion, reduced QoS and Call Drops. (It is believed that 70% of the time a mobile call recipient is on a Fixed location/ Wi-Fi Hotspot Zone)
Mobile subscriber saturation, Fixed lines decline (Battle for in-building minutes)
Broadband becoming ubiquitous and cost effective
The “Mobile Handset” is becoming a multi-purpose, multi-band, multi-mode Hand-Held Computer
NGN Technologies enabling PSTN-IP interconnection leading to FMC (IMS, UMA, Femtocells)

8. FMC Concept 8

9. FMC- Convergence of PSTN, PLMN, Wi-Fi9

10. Mobile Data Offloading (2G/3G/4G) to Wi-Fi

11. Mobile Data Offloading - 3GPP Schematic
Internet Cloud

12. Broadband Dialtone - Wi-Fi for Last Mile Access for Telephony
In some remote & rural villages (40,000) even the Telephony access (like 2G) is not available (Minister of Communications & IT, GoI)
In case a public Wi-Fi ‘Hotspot’ is created in a village, in addition to Broadband access it can also provide voice services as a Value-add/Apps (OTT)
Last Mile Access on Wi-Fi can be used by NGN core to deliver IP based voice as a Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) through IP-PSTN Interconnect / Application also known as Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA)
This can make voice calls in rural areas very cost-effective(almost free) as it will use License-free Spectrum and the All-IP cost-efficient infrastructure

13. Promising Role of Wi-Fi and Un-licensed Technologies in Frugal 5G
Business case and service development
► 5G to be a combination of licensed and unlicensed technologies
► Wi-Fi - leading unlicensed technology under the 5G umbrella
Technology perspective
► Potential to power high-priority industry verticals – smart cities, IoT sensors and safety / surveillance
► Spectrum allocation and regulation on radar
Standardisation is critical
► Progress underway and likely before 2020; licensed and unlicensed bridge needs fast- tracking
► Co-existence, convergence, certification and operator guidelines are major gaps toward 5G, RELEASE 16 addressing this
Convergence and co-existence
► Convergence of services currently a hot topic for the industry
► Co-existence of technologies in a 5G era to leverage efficiency levels over Wi-Fi networks

14. Managed Hotspot Service Provider (MHSP) Business Model –
An Innovative Approach for Broadband Access in Rural Areas
For provisioning of Broadband in such rural areas a MHSP in partnership with Telco/ISP, installs a 5-meter-high pole/mast mounted 5 GHz Wi-Fi backhaul radio and 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi hotspot with solar panel and Li-Ion/SMF batteries along with BTS all in a box mounted on this mast/pole.
MHSP appoints a VLE from Local folks for managing Hotspot.
This VLE will be given basic training by the MHSP for regular maintenance and operation of Hotspot and to provide Wi-Fi based Broadband services to the villagers.
The VLE working as franchisee of MHSP, acts as single point of contact for all Broadband related products and services.
VLE also takes the responsibility of digital literacy and assisted Broadband services (such as e-governance) to the rural masses.
VLE can also use this Wi-Fi infrastructure for generating revenue through other activities (such as mobile charging providing rail-road ticketing, getting market prices of crops and assisting in doing business transactions, rural e-banking, help in getting medical facilities from urban health centers etc. to name a few).

15. BLUETOWN EVERYTHING ON TOWER (EOT) Solution
From Telcos/BharatNet (NOFN Node)/ Satellite
Unlicensed Microwave Backhaul
Omni/directional Antennae
Filter
Access Point
Access Point Controller + AAA + Power Unit + Battery + Content Server (LOCAL CLOUD)
Solar Panel
Unwired Rural Tower/Mast/Pole/Structure (5-15m)

16. Key benefits of MHSP BUSINESS Model
To create a sustainable social business in PPP mode.
To make use of existing underutilized infrastructure of Telcos.
To innovate and deploy out of box low cost solutions in a business manner.
To add value to stakeholders as well as society.
VLE
Opportunity to become an Entrepreneur.
Contributing to the village community for improving the quality of life, in addition to generate employment and livelihood for self.
Village People
Assisted Broadband services at doorstep/hands
24/7 connectivity to the world wide web
Improved productivity efficiency and life study enhanced

17. Funding Options for Rural Broadband Infrastructure Based on Analogy from Alberto - Emerging modes of Public-Private interplay
Local Entrepreneur/Infrastructure Provider
Public Funding
Third Party
Local Entrepreneur
Public Funding for Backhaul & Content
Local Community
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3
Layer 4
Customer Services Provision
Access
Infrastructure
Backhaul
Content & Application
Full Public Funding of Infrastructure
Community Funding
Operator Funding

18. Different Possible Modes of Funding for Establishing Rural Broadband Business
MHSP funded through Managed Services (CAPEX)/Revenue share (OPEX) route
Investment by VLE through Micro-Financing/ Startup Fund
Subsidy by Government/ Local bodies Contribution/ Direct benefit to users through USO fund, Guaranteed Revenue by the Anchor Users (Govt.)

19. PDOA - INNOVATIVE ENABLER REGIME

20. Public Data Office Aggregator (PDOA) & Public Data Offices (PDOs)
PDOA is bandwidth aggregator which buys spectrum from multiple ISPs and provide them to PDO owners at cheaper proportions.
PDOs will be venue owners. These may not own or deploy any infrastructure
This is where the role of a PDOA comes in…PDOAs will be registered with the DoT and there should be no limit on the number of PDOs (venues) that such a PDOA can register
The PDOAs can also aggregate Internet bandwidth from existing Wi-Fi hotspots in a locality and sell them to customers at a retail level.

21. Role of PDOA
A PDOA as an aggregator will ensure that subscribers have a seamless experience when it comes to authentication and payments.
Such PDOA will be responsible for maintaining electronic records (authentication and payment) of all users that end up using the Wi-Fi service provided by a PDO linked with such PDOA.

22. PDOA – PDO Flow Diagram PDO End User PDO End User
Public Internet Cloud
ISP/Network Operator
PDOA
PDO
End User
PDO
End User
MHSP/VNO
PDO
End User
VLE or Retailer

23. Architecture of PDO for VLE by C-DOT

24. Wireless Access Network Interface (WANI)
TRAI recommended for implementation of PDOA-PDO model using Wireless Access Network Interface (WANI) Architecture, which is an Indigenous, Open Architecture, such that:
Any entity (company, proprietorship, societies, non-profits, etc.) should easily be able to setup a public Wi-Fi Access Point to provide services to end users.
Users should be able to easily discover WANI compliant SSIDs, do one click authentication and payment, and connect one or more devices in single session.
The Experience for a small entrepreneur to purchase, self-register, set-up and operate a PDO is very simple, low-touch and maintenance-free.
The products available for consumption could begin from “sachet-sized”, i.e. low denominations ranging from INR 2 to INR 20, etc.
Providers (PDO box provider, Access Point hardware/software, user authentication and KYC provider, and payment gateway provider) are unbundled to eliminate silos and closed systems. This allows multiple parties in the ecosystem to come together and enable large scale adoption at Grass-Root Level.

25. Flow Diagram of WANI Architecture – Functioning of PDOA-PDO
One Time Flows
One-time flows are depicted in red lines in diagram.
PDO/PDOA completes Self-Registration with Provider Registry using their public certificate (for signature validation). They also register their Wi-Fi Access Points, SSIDs, and locations.
User App provider is also registered with Provider Registry along with their authentication URL and public certificate (to validate their digital signature).
User completes one time KYC with App Provider through their App. User App caches trusted SSIDs from Provider Registry from time to time.
Usage Flows
Usage flows are depicted in dotted lines in above diagram. Bullet number below corresponds to the number depicted within the diagram above.

26. Managed Hotspot Service Provider (MHSP) as PDOA
As a PDOA, MHSP can enrol any number of PDOs, which can be VLEs, Pan/Chai/Grocery Shops.
MHSP as PDOA can buy internet bandwidth from ISPs and can provide it to PDO - VLEs.
As PDOA, MHSP may set up and invest in their own authentication and payment systems or even outsource these functions to a third party.
MHSP as an aggregator (PDOA) will enable end-to-end Internet Access and its VLEs would set up Public Data Offices (PDOs) at their premises.

27. Benefits for MHSP as PDOA
Will not have to obtain any license for providing Wi-Fi internet services, like: - UL ISP (A/B/C) or VNO ISP (A/B/C).
As per the TRAI recommendation, PDOA will need to register/enrol with DoT like OSP.

28. Why PDOA ?
PDOAs/PDOs is the only the regime which can enable the achievement of NDCP – objectives for deployment of public Wi-Fi Hotspots; to reach 5 million by and 10 million by 2022 (Currently only 375K)
PDOs are expected to contribute towards Capex, O&M and Access provision, especially in rural & remote areas.
Existing ISPs and Telcos do not have any priority or Capex and Wherewithal to provide internet access to rural & remote locations.
Due to these reasons, steps need to be taken to ensure that in addition to existing service providers, small providers can also enter the public Wi-Fi ecosystem and have the capability and incentives to provide internet access through Wi-Fi Hotspots at a local level.

29. 250,000 INR (Wi-Fi Controller & Switch)
CAPEX Reduction-Estimation for Wi-Fi Data Services under ISP-C,VNO-C & PDOA
UL ISP-C
VNO ISP-C
PDOA
i. License Fee
20,000 INR
10,000 INR
Nil
ii. Tower Cost
1,000,000 INR
“Can use the existing Infrastructure of ISP”
iii. Access Point Equipment
40,000,000 INR (2 Lacs per Hotspot)
1,000,000 INR (50K per Hotspot)
iv. AAA & BRAS
7,000,000 INR
Nil (provided by ISP)
25,000INR (C-DOT PDOA Box)
v. Servers (DNS, Syslog, MRTG)
250,000 INR
Nil – included in (iv)
vi. Switch (Core + Distribution)
250,000 INR (Wi-Fi Controller & Switch)
vii. Routers
viii. UPS/Generators
2,000,000 INR
100,000 INR
100,000 INR (5K INR each)
TOTAL (approx.)
153.0 Lacs INR
43.60 Lacs INR
13.75 Lacs INR
ESTIMATED Nos For: Broadband through Wi-Fi Hotspot for 20 Hotspots
Assuming Number of Subscribers: 40000
& No of concurrent users: 6000

30. CDOT – PDO VIDEO

31. BLUETOWN USE CASE IN INDIA - VIDEO

32. THANK YOU sg@bluetown.com
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