1. Chapter 6: Ecosystems
Section 2: Biomes

2. A. Factors that affect biomes’ climate
1. temperature
2. precipitation

3. B. Major biomes – large areas
with similar climates and
ecosystems

4. 1. tundra – cold, dry, treeless region
Permanently frozen soil called permafrost
Average winter temperature: -12⁰C
c. Average precipitation is less than 25 cm per year

5. Plants: mosses, grasses, small shrubs, lichens
tundra
Plants: mosses, grasses, small shrubs, lichens
Animals: insects, ducks, geese, other birds, mice, arctic hares, reindeer

6. 2. Taiga – cold forest of mostly evergreen trees
Soil thaws in the short summer
b. Precipitation: mostly snow, cm – 100 cm per year

7. 3. Temperate deciduous forests – region with four seasons, mostly trees that lose their leaves in autumn
Temperatures range from below freezing in winter to 30°C or more in summer

8. b. Precipitation: throughout the year, 75 cm – 150 cm per year

10. 4. Temperate rain forest – tall trees with needlelike
leaves
Average temperature:
9°C – 12°C
Precipitation:
200 cm – 400 cm per year

11. Red panda,Tufted puffin
Banana slug, platypus

12. 5. Tropical rain forests - the most biologically diverse of all biomes
Average temperature: 25°C
b. Precipitation:
200 cm to 600 cm per year

13. c. Four zones: forest floor, understory, canopy, emergents

14. Organisms of the forest floor
Rafflesia arnoldii (corpse flower) – up to 1 m across

15. Organisms of the understory

16. Organisms of the canopy

17. Organisms of the emergent layer

18. d. Human impact: habitats being destroyed by farmers and loggers

21. 6. Desert – driest biome,
supports little plant life

22. a. Temperatures: vary from hot to
cold
b. Precipitation:
less than 25 cm
per year
c. Soil: thin, sandy,
or gravelly
d. Plant: cactus
e. Animal:
kangaroo rat

23. 7. Grasslands – prairies or plains, dominated by grasses
Temperatures: temperate or tropical
Precipitation: 25 cm – 75 cm per year; dry season