1. Indicators to Assess the Performance of the Bioeconomy Strategy
NACI Workshop on the South African Bioeconomy
5 April, 2019
David Kaplan
University of Cape Town

2. Bioeconomy strategies: Countries
49 countries worldwide have created policy strategies related to bio-economy development
15 have developed dedicated bio-economy policy strategies
Austria, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Estonia, Iceland, Japan and the United Kingdom preparing dedicated bio-economy strategies

3. The Bioeconomy: Definition
Widespread adoption of the term bio-economy.
However
No common definition
Evolving over time
“the knowledge-based production and utilization of biological resources, innovative biological processes and principles to sustainably provide goods and services across all economic sectors”
“ the production and utilization of biological resources to generate high-value bio-based products”
Traditional bio-economy sectors
Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture
Related processing and service industries, such as food, paper, textiles, building and construction, chemistry and bio-pharma

4. Key Performance Indicators
KPIs can be applied at the level of the entire bioeconomy and at sectoral level
Cross-country KPI comparisons complex
Cross-time KPI comparisons complex

5. Two Sets of KPIs are Required
At the level of the bioeconomy:
economy wide KPIs
At the level of innovation (the DST’s contribution to the strategy):
KPIs that measure the contribution of innovation to economy wide changes

6. Economy wide KPIs: Output and Employment
Output Measures
The bioeconomy share of national GDP
The bioeconomy rate of growth
Employment measures
Total employment
Employment by skill level

7. Economy wide KPIs: Export and Investment
Export measures
Bioeconomy exports
The share of bioeconomy exports in total exports
Investment measures
GFCF for the bioeconomy
Bioeconomy’s share in GFCF for the economy as a whole
Note:
KPIs apply at each of the “sectoral” levels: agriculture, health, manufacturing

8. Contribution of innovation/R&D KPIs: Inputs
Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) in the bioeconomy
Business Expenditure on R&D (BERD) in the bioeconomy
The number of researchers (FTE) performing R&D in the bioeconomy  

9. Contribution of innovation/R&D KPIs: Technology Outputs
Science
Number of and citations for SA authored publications in peer reviewed biotech international journals
Technology
Number and the share of SA patents in biotechnology registered in USPTO and EPO
Citations of SA patents in biotechnology registered in the USPTO and the EPO
(Number of patents in biotechnology registered in SA by locals
Number of patents in biotechnology registered in SA by foreigners)

10. Contribution of innovation/R&D KPIs: Economic Impact
Number of bio-technology firms undertaking innovation
Number of black- and female-owned innovative bio-technology firms
For firms undertaking innovation in bio-technology
turnover generated by innovative products and production processes and the share of turnover
innovation expenditures as a share of firm turnover

11. Contribution of Innovation/R&D KPIs: Exports
Enhanced innovation will be expressed in increased export sophistication, i.e. more higher value exports
PRODY
GDP per capita of each country that exports the good, weighted by the relative share in the export basket
EXPY
PRODY of each good that the country exports, weighted by that good’s share in the country’s export basket: the income level associated with a country’s export package

12. KPI Related to Exports

13. Application Data is easily obtainable allowing for frequent monitoring
Evaluation: yearly but recognising that the full impacts of the strategy may not be felt in the short and even medium term

14. What is not encompassed in these KPIs
The bioeconomy strategy has numerous goals and objectives which would require other KPIs, e.g.
Agriculture: enhanced food security
Health: increased longevity
Industry: cleaner environment

15. Thank you
David Kaplan