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2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town

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Presentation on theme: "2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town"— Presentation transcript:

1 2nd BRICS workshop, Rio de Janeiro, 25-27 April 2007 South Africa’s NIS in BRICS Jo Lorentzen HSRC, Cape Town jlorentzen@hsrc.ac.za

2 Outline South Africa’s NIS: fact… …and fiction People and resources in innovation research in SA Towards a BRICS NIS agenda  5-country comparative research or  integrated, horizontal programme BRICS linkages: a first take A walk on the wild side: EU FP7

3 Evolution of the policy environment for the knowledge economy and the NIS GOALS: Global competitiveness Equitable socio-economic development POLICY: White Paper on Science and Technology (1996) GENERIC INSTRUMENTS: Innovation Fund THRIP SPII TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS: Biotechnology ICT New materials TEN-YEAR S&T PLAN (2008-18) Hydrogen economy, farmer-to- pharma, space, global shifts

4 Our understanding of BRICS NISs represents only 6-7% of knowledge of NISs worldwide. Articles cited in ISI, 1997-2007 SubjectBrazilChinaIndiaRussiaSABRICSWorld NIS51080326342 Technological learning 16267012611,043 Innovation indicators 3591422345 Total2441241191091,730

5 Contribution by BRICS to global knowledge not commensurate with economic importance. ISI country rankings by publication, 1996-2006 RankCountryPapersCitationsCit./pap. 13China422,9931,646,6733.89 18Russia286,1941,082,1643.78 21India211,063858,5394.07 23Brazil130,065682,8265.25 37SA43,012270,7386.29 ?BRICS1,093,3274,540,9404.15 1USA2,907,59240,400,70813.89

6 The Usual Suspects: In SA, few people with limited resources analyse the NIS InstitutionPrincipal output Dep. of S&T: National Advisory Council of Innovation (NACI) Commissions research HSRC: Education, Science and Skills Development; Knowledge Systems Techn. learning, UILs, R&D Survey, Innovation Survey TUT: Institute for Economic Research on Innovation Globelics 2005, African Peer Review Mechanism, UILs UCT-GSB: Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Investment Climate Survey, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor UP: Institute for Technological Innovation Country rankings US: Centre for Research on Science & Technology SA Knowledge Base

7 Pursuing BRICS-wide research as opposed to deepening national studies implies a trade-off. Trade-off hinges on two questions: 1. Do we know enough about individual countries to do anything other than ex-post comparisons? 2. Is BRICS an economic reality or merely a fashionable acronym?  Extent and depth of intra-BRICS linkages Trade and investment Movement of people S&T cooperation

8 Example: Internationalisation of R&D and innovation systems DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPED COUNTRIES FDI, trade, S&T agreemts, people Knowledge I R C B S

9 Intra-BRICS trade is important. Technological learning in low tech > catch-up in high tech. BRICS share in world economy (2005 or most recent available) GDPXHi-tech X MBRICS/ M ODIIDI Brazil1.81.10.30.714.91.92.8 Russia1.01.70.41.211.20.9 India1.81.20.21.310.3..0.8 China5.26.78.45.58.30.07.3 SA0.4.070.413.61.50.0 BRICS10.211.19.49.19.64.311.8

10 The exact extent of research cooperation and intra-BRICS people movement is not clear. Share in global knowledge flows: not much happening in BRICS? PatentsRoyalties MigrationR&DNon-res.Res.PubsOutIn Brazil0.30.9 0.41.20.80.09 Russia6.40.50.82.62.31.50.3 India3.70.72.20.81.33.80.02 China2.92.512.67.54.23.60.2 SA0.60.22.40.80.30.70.05 BRICS13.94.818.912.19.310.60.66

11 Hierarchy of official S&T cooperation: some BRICS, but how much mortar? IT, health/ medicine, defence Agri-/acquaculture, geology and mineral resources, HRD Space, biofuels/renewables Standards, radio&TV, metgallurgy&steel, ocean S&T, SARAS duet, laser S&T, seismology, high-purity materials, ayurveda, telecom, antarctic cooperation, endangered species, animal health

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