1. HLT33115 Certificate III in Health Services Assistance
2019
Chapter 1
HLTWHS001 Participate in workplace health & safety

2. Session 1

3. Introduction
Participating in Work Health and Safety (WHS) ensures your own safety and that of others affected by your actions.
Identifying hazards and using risk management processes is part of your duty of care.
Based on legislation, you must follow instructions, and participate with consultation to ensure safe workplaces.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

4. What is the main purpose of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011?
The Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (WHS Act) provides a framework to protect the health, safety and welfare of all workers at work.
As well as other people who might be affected by the work undertaken in the workplace.
Who might these workers be?

5. What is the main purpose of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011?
Under the WHS Act 2011, it is required that all workplaces follow safe work practices and the certain Australian Standards are maintained for all workers

6. What does the WHS Act do?
Section 3: The main aim of the WHS Act is to :
Protect the health and safety of workers and other people by eliminating or minimising risks arising from work or workplaces
Ensure fair and Effective representation, consultation, & co-operation to resolve health and safety issues in the workplace
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

7. What does the WHS Act do?
Encourage unions and employer organisations to take a constructive role in improving WHS practices
Assist business and workers to achieve a healthier and safer working environment
Provide information, education & training on WHS so that workers can do their jobs well

8. What does the WHS Act do?
Provide effective compliance and enforcement measures
Deliver continuous improvement and progressively higher standards of WHS, Health includes Psychological as well as physical health

9. Follow safe work practices
Legislation
Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (the WHS Act) is the legislative framework for WHS in Australia
The WHS Act requires that workplaces also follow some Australian standards
The WHS Act is a Commonwealth Act, and each state or territory has its own legislation and organisation to enforce the legislation
These organisations are called Regulators.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

10. What are the requirements for workers under the WHS Act?
While at work a worker must:
take reasonable care for their own health and safety.
take reasonable care for the health and safety of others.
comply with any reasonable instructions, policies and procedure given by their employer, business or controller of the workplace

11. What are the requirements for employers under the WHS Act?
Section 22 - Duties of employers to monitor health and conditions, etc.
An employer must, so far as is reasonably
practicable:
monitor the health of the employees;
monitor the conditions at the workplace under
their management and control (eg heat, cold,
dust levels, fumes)

12. Follow safe work practices
Legislation
Work Health and Safety Act (WHS Act) is the legislative framework for WHS in Australia
The WHS Act requires that workplaces also follow some Australian standards
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

13. The compliance codes 
A compliance code provides practical guidance on how to
comply with your obligations under Victoria’s Occupation
Health & Safety legislation in the workplace. (OHS Act 2007)
The Compliance Code has been made available solely as a
source of practical to contribute to industry state of
knowledge and assist those who must comply with health
an safety laws.
NOTE: On 18/06/18 OHS regulations 2017, replaced OHS Regs

14. Workplace Health & Safety –
Lets look at WHS in the workplace
Workplace Health & Safety
Viewing time: 1.37
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

15. Follow safe work practices
WHS Responsibilities
The WHS Act and State and Territory Legislation covers:
PCBU – person conducting a business or undertakings (businesses, Individuals, organisations
A person who conducts work for a business is called a worker.
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16. Follow safe work practices
Responsibilities for employers include:
Training
Supervision
Consultation
Protective equipment
Regular systems checks
Safe procedures and adequate facilities
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17. Follow safe work practices
For employees/workers include:
working safely
Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), following procedures
Not interfering or misusing equipment or other safety measures
Not putting selves at risk
Responding to reasonable requests
Workers are expected to report WHS issues such as hazards, injuries, illnesses and near misses.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

18. What is a Policy & Procedure
Are clear simple statements of how your organisation intends to conduct business or actions.
Procedure:
Describes how each of the workplace
policies should be put into action.
They follow a step by step format
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19. Policy & Procedures that are related to WHS
Fire Evacuation
Infection Prevention & Control
Needle Stick Injuries (NSI)
Manual Handling
Can you think of anymore?

20. Follow safe work practices
Hazard identification
A hazard is ‘anything that has the potential to harm the health or safety of a person’
These can include physical, chemical, biological, mechanical/electrical and psychological
Alertness for possibility of new hazards to emerge is also part of identifying hazards, such as noting the potential for something to get worse over time.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

21. Follow safe work practices
Hazard identification
Identification can occur by:
Consulting workers about what they have encountered
Inspecting workplaces and observations of tasks as they are performed
Audits and formal inspections
Reviews of incidents or accidents and near miss reports.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

22. How safe is this mechanic?
It takes many men and many machines to make something like this happen!
How safe is this mechanic?
Sourced: (Accessed02/02/2018)

23. Mmmm, not sure if this face shield will provide enough protection!
WHAT! No PPE
Sourced: (Accessed02/02/2018)

24. Summary
1. A person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU) has responsibilities to CONSULT with all employees about decisions that will affect safety in the workplace.
2. Risk management refers to the process of identifying, assessing, CONTROLLING and reviewing risks in order to develop strategies of risk minimisation.
3. Organisations use risk ASSESSMENT to establish and analyse risks in their workplaces.
4. Policies that direct workers to function in a way that maintains their safety in the workplace is evidence of a(n) ADMINISTRATIVE control.
5. In order to ensure WHS policies and procedures are maintained and legislative requirements are complied with, it is the responsibility of an organisation to CONSULT with employees.

25. Keep your list for next session.
Activity 1 - Hazards
Walk around the simulation ward/theatre and identify all the hazards present. Complete the Hazard Identification Sheet
Keep your list for next session.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

26. Session 2

27. Follow safe work practices
Risk assessment
Risks, e.g. hazards, have the potential to cause harm if people or the organisation are exposed to them
Risk management is about the process of identifying, assessing, controlling and reviewing risk.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

28. Follow safe work practices
Risk assessment
Risk is measured by comparing the likelihood of the event happening with the consequences that would result if it were to happen
Assessing risks allows for analysis of risks; what are the effects? what are the prevention strategies? and, how to prioritise measures for controlling risks
Risk control is about the strategies to manage risks.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

29. Risk Assessment Matrix
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30. The hierarchy of risk control
Hierarchy of risk control The ways of controlling risks are ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest as shown in the Figure 2 (next slide) This ranking is known as the HIERARCHY OF RISK CONTROL The model WHS Regulations require duty holders to work through this hierarchy when managing health and safety risks.

31. Follow safe work practices
Risk control
Described as a hierarchy of control:
Level 1: eliminate hazards
Level 2: substitution (replacement or alternate methods) or engineering (using different processes/technology)
Level 3: administrative and PPE.
Residual risk remains after all controls are implemented.
This is when it is not possible to control all hazards.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

32. https://www. safeworkaustralia. gov

33. Follow safe work practices
Review control measures
If controls are put in place and never reviewed they might not be effective or they might not work over time
Review is about a continuous process of looking at what has been done to control risks and how well it has worked
It is important not to introduce new hazards in the process of controlling another hazard
Review can be formal or informal in the process of your work
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

34. Review control measures
Watch: Viewing Time 3.43 min

35. Legislation & Policy
Manual Handling Regulations 2007 (Law) Is intended to prevent and reduce the number and severity of injuries associated with Manual Handling tasks.
Code of Practice for Hazardous Manual Handling 2018
provides practical guidance for the prevention, identification, assessment and control of risks arising from hazardous manual handling activity in workplaces, contains a Manual Handling Risk assessment tool. .

36. Legislation Policy
Transferring People Safely 3rd Edition 2009 can be used to assist in the designing of a Patient No Lift Risk assessment tool which assists in the prevention of injuries associated with the Manual Handling and moving of people.

37. Legislation Policy
In March 2018 five new codes were released. Communicating occupational health & safety across languages

38. What is Manual Handling? (MH)
Manual Handling is any activity that requires a person to use muscle force to; lift lower push pull carry move hold or restrain Healthcare workers especially nurses are at the highest risk of injury.

39. Identify the risks in this picture
1 ______________ 2 _______________ 3 ______________ 4 ______________ 5 ______________ 6 ______________

40. How would you modify this carers' work practices?
1 ________________ 2 ________________ 3 ________________ 4 ____________

41. Intervertebral Disc Under Pressure

42. Don’t over load the spine
Normal disc Normal disc Disc when
under load bending to lift

43. Ruptured Disc

44. Safety Zones Working below the shoulders above the knees
close to the body

45. Safety Zones Bending your knees kneeling down moving close
keeping your nose between your toes
using a ladder or steps
will allow you to move the safety zone with you when you work.
This will help you avoid musculoskeletal injuries
PSIS
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine
ASIS
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

46. No Lift Hazardous Manual Handling
No Lift changes the focus from teaching how to lift patients, to alternate work practices that minimise patient handling aiming to prevent injury to the patient and to you

47. THE 7 NO LIFT PRINCIPLES
Use bed mechanics and weight transfer technique Reduce Manual Handling tasks 2 Exert force as close as possible to own body Push, pull rather than lift Reduce forward and lateral movement Transfer at same or to lower level 6 Maximise client independence 7 Procedures should be relevant to all handlers

48. No lift equipment

49. Manual Handling Risk Factors related to people handling
The ability of the person to support/control all or part of their body.
The predictability of their
movement or behaviour.
Restiveness or aggression.
Pain levels
Person’s ability to follow instruction.
Attachments such as catheters or feeding tubes or persons clothing or footwear.

50. To reduce the risk of injury
Use proper body mechanics-turn by moving the feet rather that twisting the upper body
Use storage techniques-wall brackets, shelving- to reduce holding, carrying, lifting, etc
Minimise the number of times the load is lifted below mid-thigh height
Add posture variety by introducing job rotation and/or job enlargement
Add posture variety by using a footrest, sit/stand device
Adjust the height of the workstation to the worker’s optimal working height.

51. No lift equipment
SLIDE SHEET
PAT SLIDE

52. Regular Stretching Will
Reduce muscle tension and stress
Permit easier movement
Increase joint range of motion
Reduce the risk of injury

53. Activity 2 – Risk Assessment
Using your hazard identification sheet from Activity 1, select three (3) hazards I. Using your risk Assessment Matrix, identify the levels of risk for each 2. What Hierarchy of Controls would you implement for each of the three (3) hazards you have selected?

54. Session 3

55. Implement safe work practices
Identifying and implementing procedures and instructions
These can be verbal, written and visual (signs)
They can be within policies and procedures
All reasonable requests from your employer should be followed as your obligation to safe work practices
This means following instructions and procedures.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

56. Implement safe work practices
Identifying and reporting incidents and injuries
Incidents are any events that cause or potentially cause injury, ill-health or damage
‘Near misses’ are also reported because of their potential to get worse or happen again
Organisations have forms or electronic reporting mechanisms for staff to complete.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

57. Incident Report Form
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58. Implement safe work practices
Infection prevention and control
Use precautions to prevent the spread of micro-organisms that cause infection
Use PPE as required for infection concern – this might be signed for specific methods
Standard precautions are always used in contact with body fluids and material, or potential contact
Additional precautions are used for specific types of infection, e.g. masks for respiratory infections.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

59. Infection prevention and control
Hand washing
5 moments of hand hygiene
PPE
Cough etiquette
If your sick – stay HOME

60. Types of PPE
Sourced 02/02/2018
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61. Infection prevention and control
Source: (accessed 02/02/2018)

62. Bad Practice
Courtesy Catherine Grounds BHI Teacher 02/02/2019

63. Safety Data Sheet Safety Data Sheet
Written document which is supplied by the manufacturer, importer or supplier
Supplier is legally required to supply SDS at time of dispatch
Must be supplied for every hazardous substance or chemical
Each document describes:
Identity
Properties
Health hazards
Precaution for use and safe handling

64. Safety Data Sheet SDS MUST CONTAIN THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION
Hazard identification:
INHALATION
SKIN
INGESTION ROUTES OF EXPOSURE
EYES
INJECTION
Precautions for safe handling including spillage
First aid measures
Waste disposal
Storage
Fire hazards
Injection

65. Safety Data Sheet
EACH SDS SHOULD INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) should never be confused with a Product Specification Sheet (this provides information on the characteristics of the substance and directions for application).
SDS must be written in ENGLISH
Must be readily available to all staff both hard/soft copies
Date of preparation
Manufactures’ name and Australian address + contact telephone numbers
Telephone number in event of an emergency

66. Activity 3 – SDS
In groups of two (2) complete the activity sheet by providing the information for two (2) SDS products.
Your teacher will provide all resources for this activity task.

67. Activity 4 – Incident Report
From Activity 2 complete an incident report for one (1) of your incidents that you identified in Activity 2
Once you have completed your incident report, organise a meeting (groups of 4) to discuss the following:
Consult with your manger/WHS Rep about the incident
What safe work practices did you decide to implement?
Discuss your stress levels
How would you maintain currency in your job role

68. Session 4

69. Contribute to safe practices in the workplace
Raise WHS issues
If issues are raised and not dealt with sufficiently or effectively, workers have the right to a grievance procedure
Grievances can be referred further to state/territory governing bodies
There are penalties for organisations and workers for failing to comply with WHS legislation
Penalties range from fines to imprisonment.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

70. Contribute to safe practices in the workplace
Raise WHS issues
Raising issues is the most effective way to generate discussion and to work toward resolving issues and hazards
Organisations have systems to allow the raising of issues – through your representatives, committees and identified WHS personnel
All workers have the potential to provide valuable insight and ideas for the resolution of WHS issues.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

71. Contribute to safe practices in the workplace
Participate and contribute
When you participate and contribute, more effective and successful WHS is achieved
Consultation with workers is also required in the WHS Act
Opportunities can be formal or informal, e.g.:
Induction and training
Debriefing and discussions
Meetings
Inspections and audits
Being a safety rep or committee member.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

72. Implement safe work practices
Safety signage
Prohibition
Mandatory use
Hazard warnings
Emergency information
Fire safety/equipment
Danger.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

73. Implement safe work practices
Safe housekeeping practices
This is about keeping a clear, tidy and clean work area in which to perform your tasks
It is about your responsibilities for your own safety and that of others
This includes:
Maintaining equipment and using it per instructions
Cleaning and storing equipment per instructions
Keeping walkways and exits clear
Following training and observing signs.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

74. Dangerous Good Classification
Dangerous Goods are substances that are
Corrosive
Flammable
Explosive
Spontaneously combustible
Toxic, and oxidising
Water reactive
These goods can be deadly and can seriously damage property and the environment.

75. Classes of Dangerous Goods
Each substance or article of Dangerous Goods named in the Code is assigned to a particular Class relating to its primary hazardous property.
The Classes are as follows:

76. Classes of Dangerous Goods
Class 1: Explosives
Class 3: Flammable Liquids
Class 2 Compressed, liquefied
or dissolved under pressure
Class 4: Flammable Solid

77. Classes of Dangerous Goods
Class 5: Oxidising Agents and Organic Peroxides
Class 7: Radioactive Materials
Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
Class 8: Corrosive Substances and Articles

78. What sort of emergencies do we have in the workplace?
Slip
Trip
Falls
Eye injuries
Ear injuries
Amputations
Heart conditions

79. Follow safe work practices
Follow emergency procedures
Emergencies are sudden, abnormal events requiring immediate action, with the potential to cause injury, sickness, death, or major disruption to services
Organisations must have emergency procedures, such as evacuation plans, emergency response plans, emergency response personnel
Workers must know the plans and procedures, and comply with the directions of emergency personnel.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

80. Building and Office Evacuation Training Video - Safetycare Workplace Fire Safety
Viewing Time: 2.40min

81. Evacuation Procedures Aged Care
Basic principles of the RACE procedure, evacuating during an emergency
Published on Jan 2, 2016
Viewing Time 6.40min

82. Emergency equipment
Fire extinguishers
Eye bath
AED- Automated External Defibrillator

83. Emergency Codes RED FIRE OR SMOKE BLUE MEDICAL EMERGENCY ORANGE
EVACUATION
PURPLE
BOMB THREAT
GREY
PATIENT VIOLENCE
BLACK
POLICE ASSISTANCE
YELLOW
INTERNL DISASTER
BROWN
EXTERNAL DISASTER
IVORY
CORRECTIONAL HEALTH

84. Fire Evacuation Plan
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85. Reflect on own safe work practices
Ways to maintain current safe work practice
Being current means knowing what and how to do, and how to work with systems, equipment and processes
Be aware of hazardous materials, e.g. chemicals and follow SDS (safety data sheets)
Read updates and participate in briefings.
Attend training as directed or as it becomes available, e.g. inductions, training, information.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

86. Reflect on own safe work practices
Prolonged stress is damaging to the body and can cause health issues
Fatigue influences the body and brain and can interfere with normal functioning
Accidents and injuries can be a result of people under prolonged stress and significant fatigue and its related exhaustion and adaptation problems
Be alert to your own body signs.

87. Reflect on own safe work practices
Reflect on own stress and fatigue
Reflecting on your own response can help you to analyse, e.g. to break down the problem
Ask yourself, what happened? what was good and bad? how you felt, how you made sense of it, if you could have done it differently, how you would do it next time
Manage stress by talking to others, exercise, diet, sleep, limiting substances, reflection, relaxation methods, interests and counselling.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

88. Summary
Follow safe work practices by following policies and procedures, instructions, knowing your responsibilities, identifying and reporting hazards, incidents and injuries, and following emergency procedures.
Contribute to WHS in the workplace by participating in meetings, reporting, and inspections and audits.
Reflect on your own work, stress and fatigue, remain current in your practice and alert to stress management methods.
Box Hill Institute Faculty of Health, Community & Life Sciences HLTWHS001

89. Activity 5: Identification of signs & emergency exits & evacuation plan
In groups, walk around BHI Elgar Campus and identify safety signage & emergency exits.
Using your evacuation plan identify your nearest emergency exits in readiness for an emergency evacuation (later in the day).
Complete the workplace checklist as you walk around

90. REVIEW ACTIVITY
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91. REVIEW ACTIVITY
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92. REVIEW ACTIVITY
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93. REVIEW ACTIVITY
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94. ACTIVITY 6
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