1. Charlemange and Vikings

2. Islamic Expansion North Africa was Islamic due to the Berbers
They had successfully conquered Iberia
Motives unclear but the people happy with change
Muslim forces than moved into Southern France
Defeated by Charles “The Hammer” Martel at the Battle of Tours

3. The Carolingians Means “House of Charles”
Charles Martel went about united the Franks
Germanic peoples from fall of Rome
King Clovis converted them to Christianity
His son, Pepin the Short became King, followed by another Charles.

4. Charlemagne Magne means Great, Charles the Great
Spent considerable resources conquering Northern Italy/France
He also saved the Pope
Named Emperor of the Romans on Christmas 800
Foundations for the Holy Roman Empire

5. Two “Roman” Empires Eastern Roman “Byzantine” Empire (Greek)
Holy Roman Empire (German)
c A.D.
Eastern Roman “Byzantine” Empire (Greek)

6. Legacy Forged a large empire Expanded education and learning
Later called the Holy Roman Empire
Expanded education and learning
Expanded “Christendom”
Created a strong Government

7. Decline
Charlemagne’s heirs divided the Empire into three with the Treaty of Verdun
These Kingdoms faced considerable outside threats:
Muslim pirates raided from the South
Magyars (Hungarians) nomads raided from the east
Vikings attacked from the North

8. Vikings Warriors from Scandinavia Raided to steal wealth
Often targeting monasteries
Shallow bottom “Long Ships” allowed them to sail down rivers
Military skill overrated but did have significant impact
Changed governments
Ruled Normandy, Northern France
Ruled in Kievan Rus