1. Chemistry J.P. Hancock, B.S., M.Ed
Matter & Change Pt. 2
Chemistry
J.P. Hancock, B.S., M.Ed

2. Matter Matter Mass Anything that has mass and takes up space
The amount of substance in an object

3. Atom at a Glance
The atom is the smallest particle of matter

4. Particles in the Atom Inside the nucleus
Surrounding the nucleus
Electrons-negative charge (e-)
Inside the nucleus
Protons-positive charge(p+)
Neutrons-neutral charge

5. Particles in the Atom
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom
                            

6. Properties of Matter Hard or soft Flammable or non flammable
Hot or cold
Rough or smooth

7. Hard or Soft

9. How do atoms exist? Diatomic molecules
Chlorine, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Hydrogen
Alone or in pairs
Diatomic molecules
are two like atoms of the same element that will occur in pairs naturally

10. Types of Matter ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS MIXTURES
Combination of one or more like atoms
A substance that cannot be decomposed by a chemical change
Combination of two or more elements joined to form a “new substance” whose properties are different from the individual elements
A substance that can decompose into elements or compounds or both
Combination of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means(stirred together but not chemically combined)

11. A Closer Look

12. Classification of Matter

13. Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous

14. HOMOGENEOUS Homogeneous Substances are evenly mixed
                                                                      
Homogeneous
Substances are evenly mixed
The particles are so small that they cannot be seen even with a microscope
(1nm = 10-9)
Never settle; remain constantly and uniformly mixed

15. HETEROGENEOUS Heterogeneous
Substances are unevenly mixed and the different materials can be easily distinguished

16. Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous

17. COLLOIDS & SUSPENSIONS
Colloid is a heterogeneous mixture
The particles will scatter light which is called the Tyndall Effect
Suspension is a heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid with visible particles that settle

18. Changes in Matter

19. Physical Changes
Changes in the form or appearance w/o making the substance a new substance.
Ex chop wood, bend wire, melt ice
All changes in the states of matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas

20. Chemical Changes
Changes that occur from the rearrangement of atoms into new combinations.
Ex iron rusting, gasoline burning in a car engine

21. Representing Compounds
Chemical symbol- 1-2 letters representing an element
Chemical formula-ratio of elements in a compound

22. Mass
The amount of matter an object contains SI unit is the kilogram 90 lbs = 40kg 1000g=1kg Nickel = 5 grams Baseball= 150 grams Med. Glass of water=200grams

23. Volume Volume is the amount of space matter occupies
Volume Volume is the amount of space matter occupies. Solids, liquids, and gases all have volume

24. Density The amount of mass contained in a given volume Density = Mass
D= M V
SI Units
g/cm3 for Solids
g/ml for liquids

25. Sample Problem Calculations
Volume = 25 cm3 D= m/v
Mass = 20 g
20 grams = 0.8 g/cm3
25cm3

26. Solid Volume Solid volume= length x width x height (cm3) 100cm = 1m
1m3= 100cm x 100cm x 100 cm
See page 28 for Common Conversion
1000ml = 1L