1. The U.S. Army Adjutant General's Corps:
1775-Present

2. U.S. Army Soldier Support Institute Military History Office
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Command Historian: Dr. Stephen E. Bower
Tele: DSN /
Other Links:
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3. 1. Assists and Speaks for the Commander: 1775-1916
2. Army's Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present

4. 1. Assists and Speaks for the Commander: 1775-1916
ADJUTARE: Adjutants derive their mission from the old Latin word meaning “to assist.” Originally it meant assistance to the commander in all aspects of military operations to include:
Administrative Duties
Guards and Details
Paperwork
Transmission of Orders
Formation of Infantry into Line of Battle

5. 1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander: 1775-1916
Betsy Ross Flag

6. 1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander: 1775-1916
Formation of the Continental Army
16 June 1775: Continental Congress established the position of Adjutant General
17 June 1775: Congress elected BG Horatio Gates first Adjutant General
Second Oldest Branch. Gates was the second Officer Commissioned after Washington.
Senior Staff Officer: Washington’s principle administrator and assistant. Liaison between the commander and the Army.

7. First Adjutant General of the Army
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
BG Horatio Gates – First Adjutant General
Formed Units. Organized troops into companies, regiments, brigades, etc.
Compiled the First Strength Return. The Continental Army (19 July 1775). An administrative duty.
Published Articles of War
Prepared Instructions for Recruiting Service
Organized Intelligence Service
BG Horatio Gates
First Adjutant General of the Army

8. Burgoyne Surrenders to Gates
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
MG Horatio Gates: Infantry Officer and Hero of Saratoga
Combat Cdr of U.S. Troops at the Battle of Saratoga
Forced the Surrender of British Forces 17 Oct 1777
A Major Turning Point in the Revolutionary War
French become Allied to U.S.
Burgoyne Surrenders to Gates
Battle of Saratoga
17 Oct 1777

9. U.S declares war on Great Britain
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
Establishment of the Adjutant General’s Department
War of 1812 and National Security Establishment. Too dependent on the militia and local/ state voluntarism for national defense.
March 1813: Congress established the Adjutant General’s Department and the remaining “general staff of the Army.”
Adjutant General’s Rank. Brigadier- General.
U.S declares war on Great Britain
12 June 1812

10. 1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander: 1775-1916
Organization of the War Department 1821
Secretary of War
Commanding General
Adjutant
General
Judge
Advocate
Paymaster General
Topographic Engineer
Commissary of
Purchases
Inspector
General
Quartermaster
General
Surgeon
General
Chief
Engineer

11. 1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander: 1775-1916
Establishment of the Adjutant General’s Department
Speaks for the Commander
Forms and Forwards all Orders by the Commanding General
Manages War Department Correspondence (Secretary of War, Generals and Staff)
Draws up instructions
Corresponds with Relations of Soldiers
Preserves Orders, Instructions, Printed Documents, and Letters
Prescribe Forms of the Returns
Makes Monthly Returns of the Army
Makes Out Details for the Distribution of Service

12. Adjutant General of the Army
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
MG Roger Jones: Adjutant General ( )
Distinguished Veteran of the War of Longest serving AG of the Army (27 Years).
First Official among the Army Staff. Transforms the AG Department into the central coordinating bureau of the War Department.
Chief Assistant to the Commanding General of the Army. Essentially performs as a Chief of Staff
MG Rogers Jones
Adjutant General of the Army

13. 1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander: 1775-1916
MG Roger Jones: Adjutant General ( )
Responsibility for Recruiting
1828. Congress assigns the Adjutant General’s Department the task of preparing the annual budget of the Recruiting Service.
1847. AG Department assumes responsibility for Recruiting Service to include recruiting depots.

14. Assistant Adjutant General
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
Medal of Honor Award (30 Aug 1864)
Adjutants Speaking for the Commander
CPT Llewellyn G. Estes raced across the burning Flint River bridge, confident that others would follow. Two companies joined him in clearing the far bank of enemy soldiers and dousing the flames before the bridge was destroyed.
CPT LLEWELLYN G. ESTES
Assistant Adjutant General
3d Cavalry Division
30 August 1864

15. Adjutant General’s Department
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
Adoption of the Branch Insignia (14 Dec 1872)
Old Topographic Engineer Shield
13 Embossed Stars. One large star surrounded by 12 smaller stars representing the original thirteen colonies.
13 Vertical Stripes. 7 silver and 6 red in the lower two thirds of the shield.
Branch Insignia
Adjutant General’s Department

16. Adjutant General of the U.S. Army
1. Assisting and Speaking for the Commander:
The Spanish – American War: 1898
Adjutants Assisting the Commander
During the Spanish-American War, President McKinley turned to BG Corbin, Adjutant General of the Army to be what one historian called the “institutional brain and nervous system” to raise, equipment, sustain, and command an overseas military operation.
LTG HENRY C. CORBIN
Adjutant General of the U.S. Army
Spanish-American War
21 Apr - 12 Aug 1898

17. 2. Army's Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
10 “Core Competencies” of the AG Corps (FM 1-0, Human Resources Support, Feb 2007)
Personnel Readiness Management (PRM)
Personnel Accountability and Strength Reporting (PASR)
Personnel Information Management (PIM)
Reception, Replacement, Return to Duty (RTD), Rest and Recuperation, Redeployment Operations (R5)
Casualty Operations
Essential Personnel Services (EPS)
Postal Operations
Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) Operations
Human Resource Planning and Staff Operations
Band Operations.

18. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Root Reforms
Elihu Root
Secretary of War

19. First Chief of Staff of the Army
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Adoption of the General Staff System (1903)
Based on Lessons of the Spanish-American War. No institutional responsibility for preparing the Army for war.
Modeled after Staff Systems of European Armies. The Chief of Staff plus the G-Staff.
AG Subordinate to Army General Staff. Assigned to the Chief of Staff of the Army as a special staff officer.
Leads to a Redefinition of the AG Mission
LTG Samuel B.M. Young
First Chief of Staff of the Army

20. Personnel Sustainment
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
National Defense Act of 1916
TAG as the Army’s Chief Personnel Officer.
Responsible for “Personnel Sustainment.”
Recruitment
Assignment
Promotion
Transfer
Retirement
Discharge
Personnel Sustainment

21. Officers of the American Expeditionary Forces
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Officers of the American Expeditionary Forces
World War I:

22. Adjutant General A.E.F (1918-1919) The Adjutant General (1922-1927)
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Adjutant General for the American Expeditionary Force
MG Robert C. Davis
Adjutant General A.E.F ( )
The Adjutant General ( )

23. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Theater Adjutant General Operations. Grew to reflect the duties and functions of The Adjutant General’s Department in the War Department.
Commissioned/ Enlisted Personnel Management
Returns / Strength Reports
Casualty Reporting
Correspondence
Statistics
War Prison Barracks
Captured Property
Returns for Prisoners
Prisoners’ Inquiry Office
Recruitment
Muster Rolls
Correspondence
Records
Postal Affairs
Printing Office
Y.M.C.A.

24. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Unit Personnel Specialists. Corps, divisions, and regiments authorized a personnel officer and staff who worked for the unit Adjutant.
Procure, classify, and assign incoming personnel.
Manage the unit’s strength.
Track casualties
Identify need for replacements, procure them, and assign them.
Account for all transfers, promotions, demotions, and discharge of individual soldiers. 24

25. Central Records Office
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Theater Adjutant General Operations
Central Records Office. Largest single administrative unit in the Allied Armies.
Personnel Information. On each of the more than 4 million individuals that served in the AEF.
Size of CRO. Grew from one officer and clerk to some six thousand officers and enlisted men, and over five hundred British women.”
Unit Insignia
Central Records Office
AEF

26. Adjutant General’s Department WWII Induction and Reception Center
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Adjutant General’s Department
WWII Induction and Reception Center
1943

27. The Adjutant General of the Army
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
“World War II has required The Adjutant General’s Department to undertake duties undreamed of in Horatio Gates’ philosophy. World War II has required a vast enlargement in the scope and volume of work which The Adjutant General’s Department administers.”
MG James A. Ulio
The Adjutant General of the Army
Mission Unprecedented in Scope and Volume 27

28. J.A. ULIO THE ADJUTANT GENERAL
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
AGD and World War II
Number Serving. Army / Army Air Corps. Grows from 200,000 to over 11 million men and women in the course of the war.
Number of Casualties. AGD notified next of Kin of more than 400,000 soldiers and airmen who died in the course of the war.
J.A. ULIO THE ADJUTANT GENERAL

29. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
The Adjutant General's School: Training for “Personnel” Specialists
Established: 14 June 1941 at Arlington Cantonment, VA
Courses: Administration; Classification; Machine Records; Postal; Personnel Consultant, Recruiting; Warrant Band Leader Training.
Enlisted Training. WWII necessitated assignment and training of enlisted AGD personnel for the first time in history.

30. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
The Adjutant General's School: Training for “Personnel” Specialists
First Commandant. Brigadier General Herbert C. Holdridge (Director, Plans and Training, Adjutant General’s Department).
BG Herbert C. Holdridge
Commandant, AGS

31. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
The Commandant's Daughter

32. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
AG School Coat of Arms. Adopted 10 March 1942
Right Arm Encased in Armor Holding [a] Sword. Overlaid with the shield of the Adjutant General's Department symbolizing the position of an Adjutant General as the strong right arm of the commander who wields the sword of authority in his name.
Torch on Shield of Gold and Blue. Symbolizes knowledge and the role of the school in bringing "enlightenment in the field of its instructional mission."
School Motto. In red lettering against a gold background "Ut Adjuvemus Discimus" ("We Learn In Order That We May Aid Others")

33. Fort Benjamin Harrison, IN
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
The Adjutant General‘s School
Arlington Cantonment, VA (Jun 1941)
Fort Washington, MD (Jan 1942)
Fort Sam Houston, TX (Aug 1944)
Camp Lee, VA (Apr 1945)
Fort Oglethorpe, GA (Aug 1945)
Carlisle Barracks, PA (Nov 1946)
Camp Lee, VA (Sept 1947)
Fort Benjamin Harrison, IN (Mar 1951)
Fort Jackson, SC (1995- present)
Gates-Lord Hall
Fort Benjamin Harrison, IN

34. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
World War II: New Missions for Personnel Specialists
Automatic Data Processing. Adjutant General’s Department pioneered the use of automated data processing systems.
Machine Records Units. Primary system used for personnel accounting on the battlefield -- unit rosters; strength returns, and casualty reports.
62 Mobile Machine Records Units.
28 Fixed Machine Record Units.

35. Used by Machine Records Units during World War II.
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Automatic Data Processing.
The IBM Punch Card
Used by Machine Records Units during World War II.

36. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Automatic Data Processing. Following the war the AGS begins training the Army’s first generations of information management specialists.
Keypunch Operator, 36th Machine Records Unit
Entering data from Morning Reports

37. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
World War II: New Missions for Personnel Specialists
Special Services
Morale Division of the AGD (July 1940). To alleviate “mental stresses and strains from the minds of soldiers, and inculcating in them a high esprit de corps.”
Special Services Division (Jan 1942). Motion pictures, ping-pong, baseball, pool tables, and camp huts built for dancing and games. Expanded to include Athletic and Recreation Branches; dramatics, music, publications; troop information; and motion pictures.
Special Service Training. Trained Special Service specialists at Fort Meade, Maryland throughout the war.

38. The Victory Disc or “V-Disc” 1943-1948.
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Special Services
Music Program. Headed by LTC Howard C. Bronson, considered first Chief of Army Bands.
Army Bands. Bronson created and sustained over 500 Army Bands during the war
“V-Discs.” Vinyl recordings by popular period bands and vocalists. .
Glenn Miller Band
The Victory Disc or “V-Disc”

39. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Special Services
Special Services Mission. In 1950, The Adjutant General of the Army becomes the Army’s agent for Special Services to include the band program.
Special Services Department of AGS. Organized July 15, 1950, at Fort Lee, VA.

40. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Creation of the AG Corps: A Corps of Personnel Specialists
Growth of the “Cold War” Military Establishment. Unprecedented peacetime expansion of the U.S. Army to establish U.S. global military presence.
The Adjutant General’s Corps. Established by the Army Organization Act of Permanent establishment of specialized branches of service to include The Adjutant General's Corps as a “basic branch” of service.

41. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Army Reorganization of 1962
Centralization of Training and Combat Developments
U.S. Continental Army Command. Control of Army Branch Schools centralized. All schools fall under the U.S. Continental Army Command at Fort Monroe, VA.
U.S. Army Combat Developments Command. Control of Branch Combat Development Activities centralized under the U.S. Combat Developments Command at the Fort Belvoir, VA.
USA CONARC
USA CDC

42. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Army Reorganization of 1962
Centralization of Training and Combat Developments
TAG Loses Combat Developments Agency
TAG Loses AG School. The Adjutant General's School Becomes the Adjutant General School

43. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Army Reorganization of 1962
Office of Personnel Operations (OPO). Renamed four times since 1962.
Military Personnel Center (MILPERCEN) – 1973.
Total Army Personnel Agency (TAPA) – 1988.
Total Army Personnel Center (TAPC) – 1989.
U.S Army Human Resources Command (HRC) – 2003.
U.S Army Human
Resources Command

44. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Army Reorganization of 1962
TAG Loses Military Officer / Enlisted Personnel Management Functions. Transferred to the new Office of Personnel Operations (OPO).
TAG Loses Recruiting Function. Transferred to CONARC. US Army Recruiting Command established Oct 1964.

45. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Further Cold War Restructuring:
TAG Loses Morale, Welfare, Recreation (MWR). MWR (Special Services) transferred to U.S. Army Community and Family Support Center (1985).
TAG Loses ADP/ Information Management. Transferred to the new Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Information Management and Information Systems Command. Included records management (1985).
TAG Realigned (17 Nov 1986). The Adjutant General’s Department abolished. CSA realigns The Adjutant General from the Army Staff to MILPERCEN (HRC).

46. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
The Adjutant General of the U.S. Army
CG, U.S. Army Physical Disability Agency
Executive Director, Military Postal Service Agency
Army Casualty and Mortuary Affairs
Defense Integrated Military Human Resources System
Army Continuing Education System (ACES)
BG Richard P. Mustion
The Adjutant General
2009 -

47. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Army of Excellence Redesign:
Structural Changes:
Merging of G-1/ S-1 and AG Functions
Deployments of AOE Structure. Operations Desert Shield and Storm ( ) and Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom ( ).
Division G-1 / Brigade and Battalion S-1 Positions Branch Material

48. Deputy Chief of Staff G-1, U.S. Army
2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Since the Army of Excellence Redesign
DCSPER/ G-1 of the Army. Four AG Corps officers appointed DCSPER / G-1 of the Army. None prior to AOE.
LTG Allen K. Ono (1987)
LTG Frederick E. Vollrath (1996)
LTG Timothy J. Maude (2000)
LTG Michael D. Rochelle (2006)
U.S. Army Human Resources Command. MG Sean J. Byrne (2006) becomes the first ever AG Corps officer to hold the post.
MG Sean J. Byrne
Cdr, 3rd PERSCOM, Operation Iraqi Freedom Cdr U.S. Army Human Resources Command
2006-present
LTG Michael D. Rochelle
Deputy Chief of Staff G-1, U.S. Army
June

49. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Personnel Transformation and the Adjutant General’s Corps
“We are charting a course that will transform the Personnel Community into a strategically responsive organization that provides lifecycle personnel support across the entire spectrum of operations. Key to this initiative is developing of a multi-component, core data base with functional applications more suited to a knowledge-based organization Whatever direction our personnel transformation takes, it must support the larger transformation of the Army.”
LTG Timothy J. Maude,
“DCSPER Vision Statement”
1775: The Journal of the Adjutant General’s Corps
Regimental Association
Spring 2001
Lieutenant General Timothy J. Maude
Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel
Aug 2000 – Sept 2001

50. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Personnel Transformation and the Adjutant General’s Corps
Publication of FM 1-0, Human Resources Support (Feb 2007)
New Doctrine for a New Age. Adjutant General’s Corps’ compliments the Army’s strategic design of increasing the agility and versatility of the deployable force.
Web Based HR Programs. Common easily accessible web-based programs be able to support commanders and soldiers in both active and reserve components of the Army.
Supporting “Modularity” on the Battlefield. HR structural basis for supporting self-sustaining “Brigade-Centric” force of the future. Elimination of “Stovepipe” organizations.

51. 2. Army Personnel or HR Specialist: 1916-present
Personnel Transformation and the Adjutant General’s Corps
Publication of FM 1-0, Human Resources Support (Feb 2007)
*FM 1-0 (FM 12-6)
Human Resources Support
February 2007
Headquarters
Department of the Army
Ten “Core Competencies” Remain. Have remained fairly constant
since the beginning of the 20th Century.
Personnel Readiness Management (PRM)
Personnel Accountability and Strength Reporting (PASR)
Personnel Information Management (PIM)
Reception, Replacement, Return to Duty, Rest and Recuperation, Redeployment Operations(R5)
Casualty Operations
Essential Personnel Services (EPS)
Postal Operations
Morale, Welfare, and Recreation (MWR) Operations
HR Planning and Staff Operations
Band Operations