1. Key Issue 3: Why Do States Cooperate with Each Other?
GEOPOLITICS
State’s power to control
territory, shape international policy
and other states’ foreign policy

2. The Cold War Era: late 1940’s to 1990’s
Two SUPERPOWERS emerged post-WWII: The United States and the Soviet Union
Europe divided between pro-western or democratic alligned western Europe and pro-soviet or communist alligned eastern Europe

3. Iron Curtain

4. Berlin Wall

5. Balance of power: condition of roughly equal strength between opposing alliances
Satellite nations: those nations that appeared to be sovereign states but were under the control politically, economically and militarily by the Soviet Union.
Ex. Poland

6. Buffer state: a small neutral state lying between two rival states
Annexation: the formal act of acquiring a territory through force or occupation
Ex. Germany annexed Czechoslovakia in 1939
What is a current example of annexation? Russia annexed the Crimean peninsula in Ukraine.
Buffer state: a small neutral state lying between two rival states
Ex. Mongolia lying between Russia and China: helps reduce direct confrontation
Shatter belt: a region caught between colliding external cultural and political forces
Ex. Poland (Russia & Germany) and Kashmir (India & Pakistan)

10. Geopolitical Theory: Organic Theory
Friedrich Ratzel
“States are like organisms and that hunger for land to survive.”
Hitler and Nazi Party…
Putin and Russia???

11. Geopolitical Theory: Heartland Theory
Halford Mackinder
“Who rules Eastern Europe commands the heartland;
Who rules the heartland commands the World Island;
Who rules the World Island controls the world”
Any power that controlled the “World Island” would have 50% of the worlds resources (namely coal).

12. Who controlled the “World Island” during the Cold War??
This led to the….

13. U.S. Policy of “containment”
The Domino Theory.
This would cause a fall
of the world island to the
Soviets

14. Geopolitical Theory: Rimland Theory
Nicolas Spykman
Naval power/sea power more important than land based: Western Europe and South, SE, & East Asia
“He who rules the Rimland, contains the Heartland and rules the world”.

16. Supranationalism & Devolution Poster

17. Create a mind map/giant card sort!
Explain the CONCEPT OR VOCAB on your small square. Use your textbook and cell phones for internet research. You will explain your term/concept to your group and tape it where it goes on the graphic organizer.
VOCAB
ECONOMIC
SUPRANATIONALISM
DEVOLUTION
MILITARY
POLITICAL/SOCIAL
THESIS STATEMENT & SHORT ANSWER: Explain how the process of supranationalism leads to devolution.

18. Why do states cooperate?
SUPRANATIONALISM:
MILITARY
POLITICAL/SOCIAL
ECONOMIC
DEVOLUTION:

19. Why do states cooperate (or not)?
SUPRANATIONALISM
When 3+ states forging associations for mutual benefit and pursuit of shared goals, but give up some autonomy in doing so.
States seeking common economic, political, and cultural ground by joining unions created to benefit participants and disadvantage others Leads to the creation of other supranational orgs for those left out
Most successful example: EU
DEVOLUTION
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy.
The disintegration of a state along regional lines
Propelled by forces that divide and destabilize, usually centrifugal forces
Examples: Former Czechoslovakia and Scotland

20. International Cooperation
Economic Treaties and Free Trade Agreements
Military Alliances
Supranational Agreements
Map of NATO Countries

21. Trading Blocs

22. NAFTA

23. OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a large group of countries[1][2] made up of Algeria, Angola, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, and Ecuador (which rejoined OPEC in November 2007)

24. Turkey and Romania want to join but have faced resistance.
European
Union
Began as
European
Economic
Community
(EEC), 1957.
Stronger in 1994
10 new members
joined, 2004
Turkey and Romania want to join but have faced resistance.

25. ASEAN “One vision, one identity, one community” To accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development as well as, promote regional peace and stability throughout the region.

26. African Union MISSION STATEMENT: To achieve greater unity and solidarity between the African countries and Africans. To defend the sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of its Member States. To accelerate the political and social-economic integration of the continent. To promote peace, security, and stability on the continent. To promote and protect human and peoples' rights. To promote co-operation in all fields of human activity to raise the living standards of African peoples

27. Red Cross/Red Crescent

28. United Nations Member States (195)
The United Nations System is based on five active principal organs UN General Assembly
UN Security Council
UN Economic and Social Council
UN Secretariat
International Court of Justice
Non-member States
Taiwan (China)
Vatican City (Has not applied)
Western Sahara (territory of Morocco)
Palestinian Territories
Tibet (China)