1. Comparative Analysis of Democratization prof. Fulvio Venturino
Comparative Politics
Principles of Democracy and Democratization
Chapter 3: Political Culture and Ethnopolitics

2. Political culture defined
Political culture involves values, ideas, beliefs, attitudes, and orientations about politics
It may be studied at several levels
Here citizens are the main center of attention

3. The founding fathers Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba
cognitive orientations: the knowledge about the political system
affective orientations: the feelings about the political system
evaluational orientations: the opinions about the political system, blending feelings with knowledge

4. Political culture types

5. Culture and democracy
Research question: which variety of political culture best support the development of a stable democracy?
Civic culture: cultural mix comprised of a majority of participants (UK and USA), tempered by a significant minority of subjects (Italy and Germany) and some parochials (Mexico)

6. Post-materialism Ronald Inglehart
For a nation, it is not always possible to obtain everything one might wish … several different goals are listed. If you had to choose among them, which one seems most desirable to you?
Maintaining order in the nation
Giving the people more say in important political decisions
Fighting rising prices
Protecting freedom of speech

7. Respondents’ classification
1 and 3: pure materialist
1-3 first choice and 2-4 second choice: prevalently materialist
2-4 first choice and 1-3 second choice: prevalently post-materialist
2 and 4: pure post-materialist

8. Material versus post-material values by authority type

9. Post-materialism Trends and cohort analysis

10. Is ethnic diversity inimical to democracy?
The development of democracy is generally more difficult in ethnically heterogeneous than in ethnically homogeneous societies. However, the construction of democracy is not impossible in even deeply ethnically divided societies. What is key is that careful attention must be paid to how democratic institutions are designed, and whether or not they fit a particular ethnic and cultural context.