1. What Do We Do Now? ( )

2. What Do We Do Now? ( )

3. The War Ends
April 9th, 1865
Southern forces under command of Robert E. Lee surrender to General Grant of the Union army.

4. Conditions After the War
Most homes undamaged Towns prospered and grew Life carried on as normal
Fields full of weeds/ Livestock killed Houses and Barns Destroyed Bridges Broken /3’s Railroad Lines Gone Little to no labor force % of white population gone million former slaves free BUT homeless, unemployed, penniless

5. Any ideas on how we... will rebuild the war-torn South?
will re-admit the former Confederate States into the Union?
will include 4 million former slaves into American life (poor, homeless, unemployed, illiterate)?

6. Two Plans versus Presidential Congressional Lenient, forgiving
Designed to heal the nation quickly
Congressional
Harsh, military rule
Designed to punish the South

7. Ideas for Reconstruction?
Amnesty (official pardon) to southerners who swore loyalty to the Union.
State recognition if…
1. Accept Emancipation Proclamation
2. 10% of voters take oath of loyalty

8. Tragedy Strikes!
Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth’s bullet…(Kennedy/Lincoln Similarities?)

9. Andrew Johnson Attempts to Fill BIG SHOES…
Named temporary governors to hold office in the seceded states.
Amnesty granted to all but a few who fought against the Union.
Ordered southern states to draw up new state constitutions.
Asked each state to ratify the 13th Amendment outlawing slavery.
Only after these steps are taken can southern states elect state officials and representatives.

10. “Radical” Republicans have different plans…
Congress should decide how to deal with the South
The President’s terms are too generous!
Sponsor the Wade-Davis Bill, 1864
Punish the South! Send a message loud and clear!

11. Wade-Davis Bill, 1864
1. Those Confederates who voluntarily fight should not be allowed to vote or hold office.
2. A majority of the state population must pledge loyalty before this Congress will recognize their statehood.

12. Are You Ready to RUMBLE? Andrew Johnson, President
Radical Republicans, Congress

13. A “Boxing Match” Begins…
Radical Republicans
President Johnson
Implements Reconstruction
Creates committee to report on progress and re-evaluate
Veto’s Law:
State Jurisdiction
Pass Freedman’s Bureau
Civil Rights Act, 1866
Veto’s Law
“Unconstitutional”
Congress Overrides!!!

14. Who Won Round One? VETO! VETO! Andrew Johnson, President
Freedmen’s Bureau
VETO!
VETO!
OVERRIDE!
Start Reconstruction
Evaluate Plan
Civil Rights Act
Andrew Johnson, President
Radical Republicans, Congress

15. Round Two! Radical Republicans President Johnson
Urged southern states NOT to ratify,
10 states listened
Draft 14th Amendment
Keep Confederate officials from voting and holding office
Gives citizenship to US born persons
Blacks counted in population and right to vote
Southern debt is South’s problem

16. Who Won Round Two? DON’T RATIFY!!!!! Andrew Johnson, President
14 Amendment
Right to Vote
10 States Listened
Citizenship
Limit Politicians
Limit Aid to South
Andrew Johnson, President
Radical Republicans, Congress

17. Round Three… President Johnson Radical Republicans VETO!!!!!
First Reconstruction Act passes
???????????????
OVERRIDE!!!!!
10 Southern States Illegal!
Declare Districts and Military Control
State Constitutional Convention
Create NEW State Constitutions approved by CONGRESS
Accept 14th Amendment
Then…rejoin the Union

18. Who Won Round Three? OVERRIDE! VETO!!!!! Andrew Johnson, President
Reconstruction Act
OVERRIDE!
VETO!!!!!
10 States Punished
Military Rule
Ultimatums
Andrew Johnson, President
Radical Republicans, Congress

19. President Johnson is in TROUBLE!
What more can I do?

20. Round Four… President Johnson Radical Republicans
Fires Secretary of War, a known radical.
Congress Passes Tenure Office Act
The president cannot remove any cabinet members without permission from the Senate.
Congress IMPEACHES the president of the United States!

21. Is it over? “You’re Fired!” Tenure Office Act IMPEACHMENT!
Andrew Johnson, President
Radical Republicans, Congress

22. KNOCK OUT!

23. Positive Effects 13th Amendment - ended slavery 14th Amendment
- gave African-Americans citizenship
15th Amendment
- gave African-Americans (men) right to vote

24. More Positive Effects Freedman’s Bureau Civil Rights Act
- provided basic education
- medical care
- food & clothing
- formed schools & colleges
- brought families together
Civil Rights Act
- promised citizenship
- promised civil rights
- gave federal government the right to step in if states refused to acknowledge these rights.

25. Negative Effects African-Americans face setbacks, harassment, & terror
- black codes
- literacy tests & poll taxes
- Ku Klux Klan, a.k.a. KKK
- Jim Crow laws/segregation

28. Reconstruction? ( )