1. Covalent Bonds

2. Covalent Bonds
Covalent compounds form when elements have roughly equal tendency to accept electrons.
Elements that are both nonmetals and therefore close together on the periodic table tend to form covalent compounds.

3. When two atoms share electrons. Sharing is caring
Covalent Bonds
When two atoms share electrons.
Sharing is caring

4. Covalent bonding in a molecule is represented by a Lewis structure.
Lewis Structures
Covalent bonding in a molecule is
represented by a Lewis structure.
A valid Lewis structure should have an octet for each atom except hydrogen.

5. H2 means that there are 2 Hydrogens Make a Lewis Model for H H
Lewis Structures
H2 means that there are 2 Hydrogens
Make a Lewis Model for H H

6. + Since we have two hydrogens, we need to add another Hydrogen or H H
Bonding
electrons H +
® H H
or H H H2

7. Make a Lewis dot structure for Cl
· · Cl

8. Cl ® Cl Cl + Now, make Cl2 Cl2 · · · or Cl Cl Bonding electrons
Nonbonding electrons

9. Draw Lewis structures for:
· ·
or H F
· · HF
H F
· ·
· ·
· ·
H O
· ·
or H O
· ·
H2O H H

10. Draw Lewis structures for:
NH3
H N H H
· ·
or H N H H
· ·
or H C H H
H C H H
· ·
CH4

11. Covalent Bonds Nonmetal + Nonmetal
Sharing of Electrons Creates a Molecular Compound
Single Bonds- shares 2 e-
H - H H2

12. Double and Triple Bonds
Double bond: share four electrons
Triple bond: shares six electrons. =
O O
· · O2
· ·
N N  N2

13. Melting and Boiling Points. Poor Conductor of electricity (Insulator)
Covalent Compounds
Properties: (Butter)
Melting and Boiling Points.
Poor Conductor of electricity (Insulator)
Exists in all States at Room Temperature
Solubility- like dissolves like

14. Atoms _______ one or more electrons with each other to form the bond.
What is a covalent bond?
Atoms _______ one or more electrons with each other to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
A covalent bond forms between two _________________.
SHARE
COMPLETE
NONMETAL