1. THE SLAVERY DEBATE
Growing Sectionalism

2. THE SLAVERY DEBATE
After the war with Mexico and Manifest Destiny we have all this land…. Now what do we do with it?
Stirs up the “slavery debate”
Northern states wanted the new land to become free states
More industrial in nature
Wages for free workers in factories and trades
Slave labor makes wages low

3. THE SLAVERY DEBATE
Southern states wanted the new land to become slave states
Agriculture based on cash crops
Argue that farming is not profitable without slave labor
All done by hand, no machines (except cotton gin)
Cotton Gin – invented by Eli Whitney – made producing cotton a profitable business
Easily cleans seeds from fibers  took too long to do by hand
Cotton now becomes a cash crop

4. THE SLAVERY DEBATE
The idea is to keep a balance of free and slave states in the senate (equal representation) so one side can not pass laws limiting the other side
Free states with more representatives in congress could outlaw slavery (destroying the South's economy)
Slave states with more representatives in congress could expand slavery (destroying the North's economy)

5. THE ABOLITION MOVEMENT
Abolition – an immediate end to slavery
Anti- slavery movements had been around since the Revolutionary War
Many African-Americans fought in the Revolutionary War  they deserve freedom
The declaration of independence  all men are created equal
Quakers and Baptists in the North and South preached against slavery
Sin that corrupts both slave and master
God freed the children of Israel who were slaves in Egypt

6. THE ABOLITION MOVEMENT
1816 – American Colonization Society
Encourages African Americans to return to Africa
Funded ships to relocate 12,000 – 20,000 blacks in Libya
Most objected to relocation. Second and third generation slaves born in the US – the only home they know

7. THE ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT
1832 and 1833 – American Anti-Slavery Society and the New England Anti-Slavery Society
Want immediate emancipation (freeing) of slaves
Made up of writers, newspaper owners, teachers, and women in the North AND South
William Lloyd Garrison – famous anti-slavery newspaper owner
Frederick Douglas – escaped slavery, great speaker, wrote an autobiography of his experiences, owned his own newspaper and met with President Lincoln

8. THE ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT
The Northern “free” states accepted abolitionist ideas more willingly
Many northerners disapproved of abolition
Saw freeing slaves as a threat to the social hierarchy and system in the US
Feared a rush of newly freed slaves to the north that would compete for factory jobs and lower wages
Feared no slave labor to produce cotton would destroy the South's economy and impact the North's as well
Northern textile mills NEEDED cheap southern cotton to stay in business
Violence against abolitionists came from everywhere.