2. Upper and Lower Canada Aftermath and Unification
Rebellions of 1837
Upper and Lower Canada
Aftermath and Unification

4. The Same Yet Different
One major difference in the reforms of Upper and Lower Canada is that Lower Canada was fighting for language and cultural rights
This issues follows into the 20th century and almost leads to the separation of Quebec from Canada

5. Common Goal : Common Enemy
Reformers realized that any change in one colony would impact on the other, and the reform movements were connected
SO...
Mackenzie and Papineau prepared for armed rebellion as they both believed the government could not be reformed from within

6. Rebellion in Lower Canada Part 1
British vs Patriots and The Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty parading the streets with weapons ready to fight
Full rebellion occurred with the attempted arrest of Papineau
Papineau soon fled to US while fighting moved to the countryside
British win after 1 month of Rebellion in countryside

7. Rebellion in Lower Canada Part 2
Catholic Church did not support the Rebels
Second Rebellion 1 year later
unsuccessful, unorganized
Involved criminal acts
Hostility still exists today concerning a desire to protect French culture from British assimilation and dominance

8. Rebellion in Upper Canada Part 1
Mackenzie wanted a United States type democracy and closer ties to the US
Created a division from colonists who saw the US as an enemy
Fighting against the British
Lieutenant-governor dissolved the elected Legislative Assembly when they criticized his misuse of Power and alliance with the Family Compact

9. Rebellion in Upper Canada Part 2
Mackenzie wanted to seize weapons, and kidnap the Governor, and create a new government
Whole Rebellion very disorganized
Mackenzie flees to the US
Read page 75-76

10. Punishment
Penalty for insurrection against the British government was death
Public hanging
Government wanted to make an example of Rebels so that rebellion and calls for reform would end
Mackenzie and Papineau pardoned
Some transported to Tansmania to be used as slaves
Many died on the journey

11. Lord Durham’s Report
Appointed by Britain to be Governor- in-Chief of the Canadas
His report recommended the joining of Upper and Lower Canada and responsible government
Including all British North American colonies

12. Act of the Union 1840
Legislation based on Durham’s recommendations that joined Lower and Upper Canada into the Province of Canada
Still a British Colony
Montreal the capital
All government documents in English
Canada East and Canada West in Government
French did NOT support union