1. Objectives Things to Do Pick up red pencil Grab notes
Have out assignment
Objectives
Know the different organelles
Know the functions of different parts of the cell

2. Parts of the Cell
Notes 4

3. Cytosol and Cytoplasm Cytosol Cytoplasm
Fluid that helps hold the cells shape
Made of water and dissolved substances
Cytoplasm
Fluid
Organelles

4. The Nucleus In prokaryotes genetic material is in a plasmid
Eukaryotes have linear chromosomes
The role of the Eukaryotic Nucleus
Isolates and protects DNA from damage
Allows or restricts access to genetic information
Cannot see DNA when cells are not dividing
Nuclear envelope
Lipid Bilayer
Holds the fluid of the nucleus
Nucleolus - where ribosomes are made to assemble RNA and proteins

5. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Channel from the nuclear envelope to the cytoplasm
Processes proteins
Two Types:
Rough ER
Flattened with ribosomes on the outside
Some of the proteins become embedded here
Found in cells that make, store and secrete proteins like the pancreas
Smooth ER
No ribosomes
Makes lipids used in the membrane
Breaks down fatty acids

6. Ribosomes Made of rRNA and protein Where protein synthesis occurs
Made of two subunits
Large subunit - 60S
Small subunit - 40S
Considered 80S Ribosome
S - weight in Svedberg units
Prokaryotes also have two subunits
Large subunit - 50S
Small subunit - 30S
70S ribosomes

7. Golgi Apparatus
Multiple names: golgi bodies, golgi apparatus, golgi complex
Parts of the ER bulge and break off
Head for Golgi Apparatus
Makes adjustments
Attach sugars
Cleave proteins
Adjustments determines where it goes next
Packages and ships
Excretory - constant
Secretory - stored
Lysosomal - heads to lysosome

8. Vesicles Membrane bound organelles that carry molecules
Have several functions:
Aid in metabolism
Provide transportation
Enzyme Storage
Four main types
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Transport
Secretory